塔里木盆地研究进展与勘探方向

油气勘探实践和技术攻关,促进了塔里木盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气成藏理论的深化和前陆盆地油气成藏理论的发展。海相碳酸盐岩油气成藏理论的深化体现在:紧邻主力烃源岩的古隆起及其斜坡是油气富集的有利区带;断裂和不整合面是油气运聚的主要通道和成藏的有利条件;多期旋回岩溶和构造裂隙形成的优质储层是油气富集、高产稳产的关键;优质盖层、多期成藏、后期调整是油气藏保存及形成油气复式聚集的重要因素。前陆盆地油气成藏理论的发展主要是深刻认识到油源断层的沟通作用、广泛发育的构造圈闭、优质盖层和晚期构造运动的促进与调整对油气成藏的控制作用。油气成藏理论的发展和完善对于塔里木盆地的油气勘探方向具有明确的指导作用。阿克库勒凸起、雅克拉断凸、塔中古隆起、和田河古隆起、古城墟古隆起和库车凹陷南缘是大中型油气田勘探的有利地区,巴楚隆起南部、孔雀河斜坡和克拉通盆地深层是值得探索的重要领域。

Research achievements and exploration direction in Tarim basin

Petroleum exploration practices and tackling key technical problems have improved the development of reservioring theories in marine carbonates in Tarim basin and that in foreland basin.As for reservoiring theory in marine carbonates,the new understandings include the followings: palaeohighs and their slope zones adjacent to the major source rocks are the favorable locations or zones for hydrocarbon enrichment;faults and unconformities are the major pathways for hydrocarbon migration and accumulation and the favorable reservoiring condition;good reservoirs composed of multi-cycle karsts and structural fissures are the crux of hydrocarbon enrichment as well as high and stable productions;good seals,multistage reservoiring and later adjustment are important factors for preservation of oil/gas reservoirs and the formation of complex oil and gas accumulations.As for reservoiring theory in foreland basin,the new advancements are as follows: faults passing through source rocks would play an important role in linking source rocks with reservoirs;the widely developed structural traps,good seal and late tectonic activities would have important control on reservoiring.The development and perfection of reservoiring theories have provided distinct guidance to exploration in Tarim basin: Akkule uplift,Yakela faulted uplift,Tazhong palaeohigh,Hetianhe palaeohigh,Guchengxu palaeohigh and the southern edge of Kuqa depression are the favorable areas for exploring large and medium oil/gas fields;while the southern part of Bachu uplift,Kongquehe slope and deep strata in the craton basin are the important domains that are worth to study and to explore.