琼东南深海盆地三维地震多次波组合压制方法

在琼东南深海盆地,浅层为海相沉积特征,中、深层为陆相沉积特征,原始地震资料中多次波不仅异常发育而且复杂.压制多次波的方法有很多(褶积类、速度滤波类、波动方程类),但都具有一定的局限性,不能适应复杂情况下的多次波压制.为此,对各种压制多次波的方法进行了分析,针对琼东南深海盆地三维地震资料多次波的特点,采用调频滤波、抛物线Radon变换、加权中值滤波等方法,在不同的处理阶段分别对海底多次波、层间多次波和畸变多次波进行了压制,获得了好的效果.应用这种组合方式,不仅多次波被完全压制,一次有效反射得到了清晰的显示,而且没有损害有效信号.

Combined multiple attenuation method of 3-D seismic data from deep water basin, southeast Hainan

The shallow layers are composed of marine deposit and the middle and deep layers continental deposit in the deep water basin, southeast Hainan. Complex multiples are extremely developed in original seismic data. There are many methods for multiple attenuation (including convolution, velocity filtering, wave equation, etc), but these methods have some limitations and particular features and so are not suitable for the complicated situation. Aiming at this situation, we have analyzed all the methods. Array mode was adopted aiming at the characteristics of multiples in the 3-D seismic data from the deep water basin. During different processing stages, tuning frequency filtering, paracurve Radon transform and weighted medium filtering were selected to separately suppress the sea bottom simple multiples, interbed multiple and distorting multiple, achieving a good result. After processing, multiples were completely attenuated and the primary effective reflection clearly displayed without damaging the effective signals.