超深特低渗储层压裂改造技术关键与对策研究

随着油气勘探技术的进步，发现的超深特低渗储层越来越多。压裂是低渗透储层最具进攻性的增产措施，然而超深井压裂改造的成功率和有效率低，压裂改造技术已成为制约超深致密储层能否有效开采的瓶颈技术。鉴于目前超深层改造的风险大、成功率低、增产效果差等问题，全面调研了美国的Johns和Rcok超深气藏、日本的MN气藏、四川盆地、准噶尔盆地、塔里木盆地等超深井压裂改造技术现状，剖析了一些超深井压裂改造的成败得失。分析了超深致密储层压裂的技术关键，并从增产潜力评价、增产措施选择、降低地层破裂压力、设备和材料性能、压前测试等方面提出了相应的技术对策，对于提高超深致密储层压裂的成功率，促进超深致密储层的有效开发具有一定指导意义。

Key and Countermeasure of Fracturing Technique in Ultradeep and Low Permeability Reservoir

With the development of oil and gas exploration technology, more and more ultra-depth and very low permeability reservoirs are discovered. Hydraulic fracturing is the best stimulation, but the success ratio and effective ratio is low in the ultra-depth reservoir. So fracturing technology has restricted the development of ultra-depth and very low permeability reservoir. In view of the high risk, low success ratio and poor effect of ultra-deep reservoir fracturing, the state of the art of ultradeep well fracturing in Johns and Rock ultra-depth gas reservoir in USA, MN gas reservoir in Japan, Sichuan basin, the Zhunge'er Basin, Tarim basin were studied and some fracturing cases were analyzed. Besides, by analyzing the key ultra-depth reservoir fracturing technology, we give the corresponding countermeasures in many aspects such as reservoir potential evaluation, stimulation measure choice, decrease fracture pressure,quality of equipments and material and pre-fracture test. These countermeasures have some guiding significance for improving fracturing success ratio and effective development of ultra-depth reservoir.