基于RFID技术的石油钻具管理系统研制

为了提高钻具管理的信息化水平，研究了基于RFID技术的钻具信息采集管理系统。选择适用于钻杆的超高频RFID标签作为信息载体，采用有限元方法分析了标签安装孔对钻杆强度的影响；以超高频RFID读取技术为基础，构建了环形阵列天线结构的信息采集硬件系统，天线阵列发出的读写信号能够全向覆盖钻杆；采用.NET技术构建远程信息管理系统，实现了钻具信息采集、存储的远程无人值守；环形阵列天线及读写器安装在钻井平台下方，起下钻作业时钻杆穿过环形阵列天线，即使不知道RFID标签埋入位置也能采集到钻杆信息，通过Web端即可管理钻杆信息。试验结果表明，在RFID芯片位置未知的情况下，钻杆以0～2.00 m/s的速度运动时，系统能准确无遗漏地采集钻杆信息。基于超高频RFID技术的钻杆管理系统的研制，为石油钻具管理信息化提供了有效途径。 

Research and Development of a Drilling Tool Management SystemBased on RFID Technology

An information acquisition and management system for drilling tools based on radio frequency identification (RFID) technology was studied with the goal of improving the informatization in drilling tool management. Ultrahigh frequency RFID tags compatible with drill pipes were chosen as information carriers, and the impact of tag mounting holes on drill pipe strength was analyzed by using the finite element method. In addition, with ultrahigh frequency RFID reading technology, an information acquisition hardware system equipped with circular array antenna was built, with the capacity that reading and writing signals emitted from the antenna array could cover the drill pipes in all directions. In order to achieve remote and unmanned acquisition and storage of drilling tool information, a remote information management system was developed with .NET technology. A circular array antenna and a reader were installed below the drill platform, and the drill pipes passed through the circular array antenna while tripping. Thus, the drill pipe information could be collected even when the location of the RFID tags were unknown, and the information could be managed through the Web terminal. Test results demonstrated that even if the location of the RFID chips were unknown, and the drill pipes were tripping with a speed of 0–2.00 m/s, the system could still accurately and completely record information of the drill pipes. Therefore, the development of the drill pipe management system based on ultrahigh frequency RFID technology can provide an effective way to achieve the informatization of drilling tool management.