Z型异质结光催化还原CO2研究进展

Z型异质结（Z Scheme heterojunctions）可将电子和空穴在不同半导体材料上实现空间分离，具有光谱响应宽、电荷分离效率高、氧化还原能力强、稳定性高等优势，在光催化CO₂还原（CO₂ reduction reaction，CO₂RR）等应用中具有广阔前景，是未来光催化剂材料设计等领域的重点研究方向。综述了Z型异质结在光催化还原CO₂领域的研究进展，具体阐述了液相、全固态和直接型三代Z型异质结的电荷转移机制，分别讨论了各类Z型异质结光催化体系的优缺点，并结合CO₂RR原理总结了三类Z型异质结光催化剂在光催化CO₂RR领域的应用现状。指出未来高性能Z型异质结光催化剂设计及光催化还原CO₂研究应重点关注CO₂还原产物（特别是C₂及C₂+产物）的生成机理，深入研究Z型异质结中电荷转移机理，重视还原产物溯源、提高实验设计与反应结果评价的严谨性，同时应面向大规模工业化应用开展系统性研究。

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF Z-SCHEME HETEROJUNCTION PHOTOCATALYTIC SYSTEMS FOR CO2 REDUCTION

Z-scheme heterojunctions separate photogenerated electrons and holes to different semiconductors, featuring broad spectrum response, high charge separation efficiency, strong redox capacity as well as high stability. Z-scheme heterojunctions have emerged as a powerful material to catalyze CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) and have attracted much research effort in the field of photocatalysis. The recent research progress on Z-scheme photocatalytic systems for CO₂ reduction is reviewed. Different charge transfer mechanisms in three types of Z-scheme heterojunctions (liquid-phase, all-solid-state and direct Z-scheme) are elaborated. Relative merits of different Z-scheme heterojunctions and their applications in CO₂RR are summarized. It is pointed out that in the future, more effort needs be devoted to investigate the generation mechanisms of photocatalytic CO₂RR products (especially C₂ and C₂+ products), to elucidate the charge transfer mechanisms in photocatalytic Z-scheme heterojunctions, to trace back to the origin of CO₂RR products, to improve experimental design and evaluation, and to conduct systematic researches for large-scale industrial trials.