保护剂级配设计对固定床渣油加氢性能的影响

采用不同的异形结构催化剂，沿物流方向设计了5种保护剂，分别为丝状泡沫、蜂窝圆柱和拉西环等异形结构。催化剂床层具有较大的空隙率，沿物流方向，床层空隙率和孔径尺寸均逐渐变小，活性金属组分含量逐渐增加。各保护剂良好的床层空隙率、孔结构性质和活性级配，能够较好地缓解脱金属剂的杂质脱除压力，避免保护剂与脱金属剂床层交界处的催化剂板结，保证装置的长周期平稳运行。自制保护剂对Fe和Ca的脱除率均优于参比剂，并呈现一定的Ni，V，S脱除能力和降残炭能力。长周期评价全程无压降，试验过程提温幅度小。

EFFECT OF GUARD CATALYSTS GRADING DESIGN ON FIXED BED RESIDUE HYDROTREATING PERFORMANCE

Five kinds of guard catalysts were designed along the flow direction by using different special-shaped catalysts, such as filamentous foam, honeycomb cylinder and Raschig ring. The catalyst has a large bed voidage.Along the flow direction, the bed voidage and pore size are gradually reduced and the active metal content is gradually increased. Outstanding gradation in bed voidage, pore properties and activity can better relieve the impurity removal pressure of the catalyst in the bed of demetallization catalyst, avoid the catalyst hardening at the junction of the guard catalyst and the demetallization catalyst, and ensure the stable and long time operation of the device. The removal rates of Fe and Ca of the self-made guard catalysts are better than those of reference catalyst, and self-made guard catalysts show certain removal ability of Ni, V, CCR and S. There is no pressure drop in the whole process of long period experiment, and the temperature increase during the test process is low.