催化裂化反应热计算方法的研究

在分析现有催化裂化反应热测算方法的基础上，提出了用典型反应计算催化裂化反应热的方法（简称典型反应法）。该方法把流化催化裂化装置（FCCU）反应器中发生的反应划分为裂解、脱氢、氢转移、异构化、H₂S生成和缩合生焦6类典型化学反应，利用每类典型反应的热效应数据和反应数量来计算催化裂化的反应热。用该方法计算了6套大型工业FCCU的反应热数据，并与分子膨胀法、催化焦法和反应-再生系统热平衡法的计算结果进行了对比。结果表明，典型反应法因考虑了氢转移和异构化等二次反应放热，计算得到的反应热平均比分子膨胀法和催化焦法低45.8%和31.8%，比反应-再生系统热平衡法高77.8%，但低于基于碳差法催化剂循环量的反应系统热衡算方法的计算结果。

EXPLORATIONS ON CALCULATION METHOD OF REACTION HEAT IN CATALYTIC CRACKING

A method for calculating reaction heat of catalytic cracking by typical reactions was proposed on the basis of analysis of the existed calculation methods. Chemical reactions in the reactor of fluidized catalytic cracking unit （FCCU） were divided into six kinds of typical reactions: cracking，dehydrogenation，hydrogen transfer，isomerization，coking and formation of hydrogen sulfide，so that the amount and thermal effect data of each kind of typical reaction could be used to calculate the reaction heat. The reaction heat data of six large-scale commercial FCCUs was calculated by this method and compared with calculation results of the molecular expansion method，the catalytic coke method and the heat balance method. The results show that the reaction heat calculated by the typical reaction method is 45.8% and 31.8% lower than that by the molecular expansion method and the catalytic coke method, and is 77.8% higher than that calculated by the reactor-regenerator system heat balance，but the reaction heat calculated by the heat balance method is lower than that calculated by the reactor system based on the catalyst circulation quantity of carbon difference method.