溶剂脱沥青过程的相特性和相平衡研究

溶剂脱沥青过程中的相特性和相平衡试验结果表明，在操作温度低于温溶剂的临界温度下，渣油－溶剂体系一般存在四个相区，即均一液相区、液－液两相区、液－液－气三相区和气－液两相区。 渣油－溶剂体系的性质，组成对各相区的边界有明显的影响，三相区的位置主要由溶剂的种类确定。渣油中掺入一定比例的催化裂化油浆后，扩大了液－液两个相区范围。脱沥青油收率增加，溶剂比增加，脱沥青油收率将增加；压力对脱沥青油收率的影响不容忽视。

RESEARCH OF PHASE BEHAVIOR AND PHASE EQUILIBRIA IN SOLVENT DEASPHALTING PROCESS

The phase behavior and phase equilibria of solvent deasphalting process were studied. The re- sults showed that below the critical temperature of the solvent there were four phase regions: single liquid phase re-gion, vapor-liquid-liquid (L-L) terr-phase region and vapor-liquid (V-L) two phase region. The properties and com-position of the residue-solvent systems had a significant effect on each region boundary. However, the location of the V-L-L region was only concerned with the type of solvent used. After blended the residue with the FCC decanted oil, the range of L-L two phase region widened and the deasphalted oil (DAO) yield increased, and DAO yield also in- creased with higher solvent/oil ratio. It was found that the operating pressure had a non-negligible influence on DAO yield.