海底埋地原油管道泄漏扩散数值模拟

现有文献对原油在海水中的泄漏扩散规律研究相对较少。为此,采用计算流体力学方法,建立VOF模型和多孔介质模型,研究了海水流速和油品泄漏速度对海底埋地原油管道泄漏扩散的影响。计算结果表明:随着海水流速增加,原油扩散至海面的横向扩散距离增加,扩散时间延长,海水流速大于1. 5 m/s时对原油在海水中的扩散影响显著,海水流速为0. 35 m/s时原油到达海面的横向扩散距离为12. 688 m;随泄漏速度增大,原油扩散至海面的时间缩短,与泄漏速度为2 m/s时相比,泄漏速度为8 m/s所用时间缩短约;原油在海泥中的扩散范围随着泄漏速度增加而增大,同一泄漏速度下随着泄漏时间延长,原油在海泥横向和纵向的扩散距离在增长到最大值后趋于稳定,原油在海泥中所受的横向阻力小于纵向阻力。研究结果可为准确预测海底埋地原油管道泄漏范围及制定应急抢险方案提供理论支撑。

Numerical Simulation to Leakage and Spread of Crude Oil from Submarine Buried Pipelines

Less studies have been carried out on the law of leakage and spread of crude oil in seawater.In this study,according to fluid dynamics,a VOF model and a porous-medium model were established to investigate the effects of seawater flow rate and oil leakage rate on the leakage and spread of the crude oil from buried pipelines under seabed.The results show that,as seawater flow rate increases,the lateral spread distance and time of crude oil reaching sea surface increase.When seawater flow rate is greater than 1.5 m/s,the spread of crude oil is significantly affected.The lateral spread distance on sea surface is 12.688 m.As leakage rate increases,the time for crude oil to spread to sea surface decreases.The time for crude oil to sea surface at the leakage velocity of 8 m/s decreases to about 1/2 of that at 2 m/s.The spread scope of crude oil in sea mud increases with leakage rate.At the same leakage rate,with leakage time increasing,the lateral and vertical spread distances of crude oil in sea mud tend to be stable after increasing to the maximum value.The lateral resistance is less than the vertical resistance in sea mud.The study results can provide theoretical supports for accurately predicting the spread scope of oil spills from buried pipelines and develop emergency rescue plans.