塔里木盆地下寒武统烃源岩分布

塔里木盆地下寒武统烃源岩是近年来诸多学者研究的热点，对于其分布的认识还存在一定的分歧，并成为制约寒武系勘探及区带优选的重要因素。基于野外露头及盆地内钻井资料的认识，分析下寒武统烃源岩的沉积环境；通过正演模拟下寒武统玉尔吐斯组烃源岩的地震反射特征，结合模拟结果，刻画下寒武统玉尔吐斯组烃源岩沉积边界；基于震旦系与寒武系地震解释与成图研究，分析寒武系沉积前古地貌特征及寒武系的沉积环境，探讨下寒武统烃源岩的主要控制因素，旨在解决下寒武统生烃源岩的生烃中心，指导寒武系有利勘探区带的优选。研究认为，玉尔吐斯组为寒武纪早期持续海侵背景下、分布稳定的烃源岩；正演模拟结果及地震资料表明，玉尔吐斯组表现为寒武系底部强波峰—强波谷的地震反射特征，在盆地内可追踪对比；根据塔里木盆地震旦纪与早寒武世古地理格局认识，认为寒武系台缘斜坡—盆地一带为下寒武统烃源岩厚度加厚区，是台盆区烃源岩最富集的地区。

Distribution of Lower Cambrian source rocks in the Tarim Basin

Lower Cambrian source rocks in Tarim Basin have been the focus of many scholars′ research in recent years. There are still some divergences on their distribution, which become an important factor restricting Cambrian exploration and zoning optimization. Based on the knowledge of outcrop and drilling data in the basin, the sedimentary environment of Lower Cambrian source rocks is analyzed in this paper. Through the forward modeling of the seismic reflection characteristics of the Lower Cambrian Yuertus Formation source rocks, and combined with the simulation results, the sedimentary boundary of the source rocks of the Cambrian Yuertus Formation is described. Based on the seismic interpretation and mapping studies of the Sinian and Cambrian, the paleo-geomorphic features of the Cambrian and the Cambrian sedimentary environment were analyzed, and the main controlling factors of the Lower Cambrian source rocks were discussed to solve the Lower Cambrian. The hydrocarbon generation center of the source rock and guide the optimization of the favorable exploration zone of the Cambrian. The results show that Yuertus Formation is a stable source rock under the background of continuous transgression in the early Cambrian. The forward modeling results and seismic data show that Yuertus Formation is characterized by strong peak-valley seismic reflection in the bottom of Cambrian, and it can be traced and correlated in the basin. According to the palaeogeographic pattern, it is considered that the Cambrian platform margin slope-basin area is the thicker area of the Lower Cambrian source rocks and it is the most abundant area in the basin. High quality dolomite reservoirs are developed in the Lower Cambrian Xiaoerbulake Formation.