世界深水油气勘探进展与我国南海深水油气前景

深水油气是世界上油气勘探快速发展的领域,2004年最高钻井水深纪录已达3 050 m,我国三大石油公司也开始了南海深水油气的勘探。指出:从国外发现的深水油气田来看,绝大多数含油气盆地位于离散大陆边缘,发育有裂陷前期、裂陷期和裂后热沉降期3个超层序;烃源岩大多是裂陷期的湖相和滨浅海相沉积以及裂后热沉降期海相灰岩、页岩;储层则以裂陷热沉降期深水浊流沉积体系和裂陷期的砂岩为主;深水油气的成藏模式,除裂陷盆地的成藏模式外,还有裂后热沉降期裂陷的深水浊积砂岩油藏、底辟构造油藏等特殊类型。通过对南海2个深水地区油气地质条件的分析,认为南海与国外已有油气发现的深水区具有许多相似的含油气地质条件和丰富的油气远景。

ADVANCE OF EXPLORATION AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DEEP-WATER HYDROCARBON IN THE WORLD

Exploration in deepwater hydrocarbon has a fast increase in the world.The water depth for drilling well arrived to 3 050 m in 2004.Three giant China oil companies(CNPC,CNOOC,SINOPEC) launch the oil exploration in the deep water region of the South China Sea(SCS).According to the discoveries in the world,all of them are distributed in the passive continental margin.Three giant sedimentary sequences have been deposited in the basin,those are prorifting,rifting and breakup sedimentary sequences.Source rocks are lacustrine and shore facies,as well as afterrifting drift marine limestone and shale.The reservoirs are characterized by the deepwater turbidite sandstones,and rifting sandstone.The hydrocarbon reservoirs preserved in the various trap in the rifting basin,and some unique deepwater turbidite sandstone,and diapir structures.By the geological analysis of the two deep water regions in the SCS,the same petroleum geological features and richful hydrocarbon exist in the SCS.