石脑油裂解炉动态建模与仿真研究

基于已建立的大型裂解炉石脑油裂解过程稳态模型，根据热量守恒、传热特性和管内裂解反应规律，分别对操作工况发生扰动情况下的管外壁温度变化特性和管内裂解气温度变化特性进行了分析，建立了裂解炉辐射段的裂解过程动态模型。当某些裂解工况(如进料流量、稀释蒸汽流量、进料温度和炉膛温度等)发生扰动时，可以仿真描绘管外壁温度、裂解气出口温度和主要产物收率等状态变量的动态变化曲线。可以用传递函数的形式来表征这些状态变量的动态特性，进而可以进行裂解炉动态前馈控制及其控制系统的研究。

THE DYNAMIC MODELING AND SIMULATION OF NAPHTHA PYROLYSIS FURNACE

Based on the steady-state model of naphtha pyrolysis furnace, heat conservation expressed as heat input minus heat output equals heat accumulated, heat-transfer theory and the pyrolysis reaction characteristics in the tube, the characteristics of the temperature change outside the tube-wall and the temperature change of the process gas inside the tube are analyzed under disturbance of the operating parameters. The dynamic model of the radiant tube of naphtha pyrolysis furnace is established. This model can be used to simulate and describe the dynamic changes of the temperature of the tube outside wall, the outlet temperature of the cracked gas, and the main product yields when the operating conditions (such as feed-in flux, distillation steam flux, inlet temperature and hearth temperature) are under disturbance. The dynamic responding characteristics can be expressed in the form of transfer functions, and it is helpful to the research work of dynamic advanced-feedback control method and the relevant control system design.