N2和CO2气氛下辽河稠油热解过程及产物性质

利用热重分析仪（TGA）和固定床反应器对辽河Q块稠油在N₂和CO₂气氛下的热解过程及产物性质进行了研究。TGA实验结果表明，2种气氛下的稠油热解过程均可划分为轻组分与水分挥发、组分较弱化学键断裂和重组分裂解产油成焦3个阶段，热解曲线总体变化趋势类似。固定床反应器热解实验结果表明，随温度升高，2种气氛下的液体产物产率均升高，热解气和残余物产率均降低，CO₂气氛下650 ℃液体产物最大产率为61.53%。不同温度下热解所得液体产物和稠油的红外谱图显示，随热解温度升高，甲基含量增多、亚甲基含量减少。对液体产物的氧化过程进行TGA分析发现，随热解温度升高，其失重曲线向高温区明显偏移且失重程度减弱，CO₂热解所得液体产物的氧化失重比N₂快。

Pyrolysis Process and Product Properties of Liaohe Heavy Oil Under N2 and CO2 Atmosphere

The pyrolysis process and product properties of Liaohe Q block heavy oil in N₂ and CO₂ atmosphere were studied by thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a fixed bed reactor, respectively. TGA results indicate that the pyrolysis process of heavy oil under the two atmospheres can be divided into 3 stages: light components and water volatile, weak chemical bond breakage, and heavy components cracking to form light oils and coke. TGA pyrolysis curves under either N₂ or CO₂ are similar. Pyrolysis experimental results with a fixed-bed reactor show that, under both N₂ and CO₂ atmosphere, liquid products yield increases with temperature, but pyrolysis gas and residue yields decrease as temperature goes up. The maximum liquid product yield is 61.53% under CO₂ atmosphere at 650 ℃. The FT-IR spectra of both liquid products under different temperatures and the heavy oil feed show that, as pyrolysis temperature increases, methyl group contents increase but methylene group contents decrease. TGA analysis of the oxidation process of liquid products suggests that the mass loss curve obviously shifts to high temperature regions and the mass loss becomes less as pyrolysis temperature increases. Compared with those under N₂ atmosphere, the oxidation mass loss rate of pyrolysis liquid products under CO₂ atmosphere is faster.