顶层设计导向的炼油全局节能研究与应用实践

顶层设计导向的炼油全局节能方法及其实施策略，主要包含能源规划、能量集成、单元强化3个层次。能源规划主要通过开展节能顶层设计制定能源配置规划、能量集成方案等指导后续工作；能量集成是基于制定的规划、方案等开展工艺和系统的用能优化及能量集成；单元强化主要开展关键设备和耗能单元的能效提升。以某“能源供应受限”企业为例，验证了全局节能方法的实用性和可靠性。结果表明：通过重油加工路线优化调整,使延迟焦化装置关停后的燃料平衡问题得以解决，外购天然气导致能源成本上升和供应困难问题得到缓解，渣油加工的氢气资源约束消除，企业高附加值商品收率增加3.0%，炼油单位因数能耗降至7.4 kgoe/(t·Eff)（1 kgoe=41.816 MJ），能耗水平进入国内先进行列，企业综合竞争力有效提升。

Top-level Design-Oriented Research and Application for Total Energy Saving in Oil Refinery

Top-level design oriented overall energy-saving methodology and implementation strategy for oil refineries generally include three levels: energy planning, energy integration and unit intensification. Energy planning mainly provides guidance for follow-up works after developing energy-saving top-level design, formulating energy configuration plans and energy integration schemes. Energy integration is to carry out energy optimization and integration of different processes and systems based on formulated plans and schemes. For the unit intensification, it mainly focuses on energy efficiency improvement for key equipment and high energy-consumption units. With using an “energy supply restricted” refinery as an example, the practicability and reliability of the total energy saving methodology were demonstrated. Application results showed that the fuel balance issue after delayed coking unit shutdown had been solved through heavy oil processing optimization; high energy costs and supply difficulties caused by natural gas outsourcing had been alleviated; hydrogen resource constraints for residual oil processing had been eliminated. The yield of high value-added products of the refinery was increased 3.0%, and the energy consumption per unit factor of refining was reduced to 7.4 kgoe/(t·Eff). Energy consumption level is much lower compared with most refineries in China, and thus the comprehensive competitiveness of the company has been significantly improved.