石油污染土壤生物修复高效菌的降解特性

 研究了从陕北石油污染土壤中分离的7株菌SY21、SY22、SY23、SY24、SY42、SY43和SY44的生长特性及其对不同烃类的利用能力及除油影响因素。结果表明，受试细菌的生物除油率高，培养13 23h后的活性最高，易于扩大培养；分离菌株均能在石蜡培养基中生长，表明对中长链的烷烃降解能力高，其中菌株SY22、SY23、SY24、SY42和SY43均能利用几种不同的烃类生长，是土壤生物修复的优选菌株。菌株SY22 和SY23最适pH为9.0，菌株SY21 和SY42最适pH为7.0；污染强度为1000 1500mg/L、氮源为硝酸铵时，石油烃的降解率最佳；对具有PAH降解能力的SY22、SY42和SY23菌株而言，添加淀粉和葡萄糖为碳源提高了菌株对原油的降解率。土壤中Fe2+、Mn2+的存在对细菌降解石油烃影响不大，但Ni2+、Co2+金属离子会降低分离菌株的除油能力。

CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGHLY EFFECIENT PETROLEUM-DEGRADING BACTERIA IN BIOREMEDIATION OF OIL-CONTAMINATED SOIL

The growth characteristics of 7 strains isolated from oil contaminated soil in North of Shaanxi Province, as well as degradation rate of various hydrocarbons, and the effect of factors on oil degradation rate were revealed in a series of experiments. The results showed that isolated strains can degrade crude oil obviously. 7 strains had highly activity in 13 hours and were easy to product. Paraffin Wax can be degraded by 7 strains, which indicated strains can degrade long chain hydrocarbon. Some of them (SY22、SY23、SY24、SY42 and SY43) were able to use short chain hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons, so they were preferential choice to be used for bioremediation. Its optimum pH were 7.0(SY21 and SY42) and 9.0(SY22 and SY23).The result showed that NH4NO3 and oil concentration from 1000mg/l to 1500mg/l were the optimum conditions for petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. Adding organic matter such as starch and glucose accelerated oil degradation of strains that had ability in PAH degradation. Adding metal ions of Ni2+ and Co2+ decreased oil degradation, while adding metal ions of Fe2+ and Mn2+ can not degrease oil degradation.