大型延迟焦化装置焦炭塔裙座部位锻焊结构优化

由于焦炭塔的操作温度很高,且压力和温度皆为循环操作工况,因此低周热疲劳破坏是焦炭塔的主要破坏形式之一,该破坏主要发生在筒体下部及筒体与裙座的连接处。焦炭塔裙座部位多采用搭接的板焊结构型式,此种结构型式在现场制造难度大,尤其裙座顶部搭接焊接接头的圆滑过渡很难满足图纸中的要求,易留下安全隐患。采用锻焊裙座的技术方案,通过调整裙座部位不同的结构型式,采用有限元方法对该部位在高温等载荷作用下的21个结构模型进行了计算和分析,确定了较为优化的结构设计方案,并提出了设计时需要考虑的问题。推荐裙座锥角应为5°;平台宽度宜为20 mm;温箱高度宜为450～500 mm。

Optimization of forge welding for skirt of large delayed coker drum

As coker drum is operated at a high temperature and under cycling pressure and temperature conditions,the low-cycle thermal fatigue failure is one the main damages of coker drum,which is mainly seen at the lower section of cylindrical body and connection between cylindrical body and skirt.Lap joint welding is usually adopted for most of skirts of coker drums.It is difficult in job site fabrication,smooth transition of lap joint welding of top of skirt is difficult to meet the requirements of fabrication drawings,and safety hazard exists.In this paper,on the basis of forge welding,21 construction models for high temperature and equal loads are calculated and studied with finite element technique through adjustment of different constructions at skirt.The optimized construction design is determined,and unique understanding and necessary consideration are proposed.