准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷风城组常规-非常规油气有序共生与全油气系统成藏模式

基于地质、地震及钻测井新资料,对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷下二叠统风城组全油气系统形成的基本条件、常规-非常规油藏有序共生特征以及成藏模式进行系统研究。结果表明,受风城组碱湖优质烃源岩热演化及其生排烃过程、多类型(砾岩、砂岩、白云岩、泥页岩)储集层特征的控制,形成了常规构造-岩性油藏及受源储结构控制的致密油和页岩油。平面上,自玛湖凹陷周缘斜坡区向凹陷区,呈现成熟常规油藏—中高成熟致密油—中高成熟页岩油的有序共生特征。基于风城组常规-非常规油藏有序共生特征,明确风城组油气具有大面积连续聚集的特点,存在源储一体、源储紧邻、源储分离3类成藏模式,3类成藏模式在源储结构、储集层岩性及其空间分布、烃类运移特征、油气类型等方面存在差异。明确了准噶尔盆地应加快统筹常规-非常规油气整体布控与一体化推进,实现全油气系统的整体突破。进一步丰富陆相含油气盆地油气富集地质理论,以期为其他富烃凹陷的勘探研究做类比参考。

Orderly coexistence and accumulation models of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbons in Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation,Mahu sag,Junggar Basin

By using the latest geological,seismic,drilling and logging data,this article studies the basic conditions for the formation of the entire oil and gas system and the orderly coexisting characteristics and accumulation models of conventional&unconventional reservoirs in the Lower Permian Fengcheng Formation in the Junggar Basin.Controlled by thermal evolution,hydrocarbon generation and expulsion process of the high-quality source rocks in alkaline lake as well as the characteristics of multi-type reservoirs(conglomerate,sandstone,dolomite and shale),conventional structure-lithologic reservoirs and tight oil and shale oil reservoirs controlled by source-reservoir structure have been formed.On the plane,mature conventional reservoirs,medium-high mature tight oil,and medium-high mature shale oil reservoirs coexist orderly from the slope area around Mahu sag to the sag.Based on the orderly coexisting characteristics of conventional and unconventional reservoirs in the Fengcheng Formation,it is clear that oil and gas in the Fengcheng Formation accumulate continuously over a large area in three accumulation models:source-reservoir in one,reservoir close to source,and separated source and reservoir.The 3 accumulation models differ in relationship between source-reservoir structure,reservoir lithology and spatial distribution,hydrocarbon migration,oil and gas type.It is pointed out that the conventional&unconventional oil and gas should be explored and developed as a whole to achieve an overall breakthrough of the entire oil and gas system.This study is expected to enrich the geological theory of oil and gas enrichment in continental basins and to provide an analogy for exploration and research in other hydrocarbon-rich sags.