大豆豆脐中异黄酮的提取工艺优化

为了提高大豆豆脐在大豆加工行业的利用率以及更大程度地发挥大豆豆脐的营养价值,本文在国标大豆异黄酮检测方法的基础上,建立了一套适用于测定大豆豆脐中异黄酮含量的高效液相色谱方法。本实验以大豆豆脐为原料,采用乙醇-水溶液作为提取溶剂,通过单因素实验和正交实验确定超声波辅助提取大豆异黄酮的最佳工艺,结果表明:各因素对大豆异黄酮提取率影响大小的顺序为:提取温度(B)>提取时间(C)>料液比(D)>乙醇浓度(A);在乙醇浓度为80%、提取温度为80℃、提取时间为1.5h、料液比为1:35 g/mL时提取三次,大豆异黄酮的提取率可达10.88±0.120 mg/g。本方法准确、高效,能够提取出原料中90%以上的大豆异黄酮,该提取工艺稳定可行,可为大豆豆脐中异黄酮的提取提供理论依据。

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Isoflavones from Soybean Umbilicus

In order to improve the utilization rate of soybean umbilicus in soybean processing industry and to give full play to the nutritional value of soybean umbilicus, a high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method for the determination of isoflavones in soybean umbilicus was established based on the national standard method for the determination of isoflavones in soybean. In this experiment, the optimal extraction process of soybean isoflavone was achieved by single factor experiments and orthogonal experiments, when soybean umbilicus and ethanol-water solution served as the raw material and extraction solvent, respectively. The results showed that the order of factors on the extraction rate of soybean isoflavones was: Extraction temperature(B)>Extraction time(C)>Solid-liquid ratio(D)>Ethanol concentration(A). And the optimum conditions were as follows: the ethanol concentration was 80%, the extraction temperature was 80 ℃, the extraction time was 1.5 h, and the ratio of material to liquid was 1:35(g/mL). Under this condition, when the soybean isoflavones were extracted for three times, the highest extraction rate of 10.88±0.120 mg/g could be obtained. This method is accurate and efficient, and more than 90% of soybean isoflavones can be extracted from raw materials. The extraction process is stable and feasible, which can provide theoretical basis for the extraction of isoflavones from soybean umbilicus.