不同产区青蟹肝胰腺风味品质的比较

采用感官评价、味觉活度值、电子鼻和挥发性物质分析,对来自渤海、东海和南海地区养殖的青蟹肝胰腺进行了风味品质比较。结果表明,东海雄蟹和雌蟹肝胰腺的感官评价较好;通过游离氨基酸的TAV分析发现,肝胰腺鲜甜味均较好,Glu、Ala和Arg是提供愉快滋味的主要游离氨基酸,渤海和东海的雌雄蟹肝胰腺中鲜甜味氨基酸含量相近,且均高于南海雌雄蟹;利用主成分分析发现,三个地区的雌雄蟹肝胰腺的第一和第二主成分之和均大于90%,其气味之间存在较大差异;通过挥发性成分分析发现,3个地区雄蟹肝胰腺中分别检测到41、45、46种挥发性风味物质,雌蟹肝胰腺中分别检测到45、40、43种挥发性风味化合物。醛类物质是青蟹肝胰腺主要的风味来源,其中1-癸烯-3-酮、2-戊基呋喃使东海青蟹肝胰腺呈现独特的风味。综上认为,东海雌雄蟹肝胰腺的风味品质相对较好。

Comparison of Hepatopancreas Flavor Qualities of Mud Crabs (Scylla paramamosain) in Different Producing Areas

The sensory evaluation, taste activity value (TAV), E-nose and volatile compounds analysis were used to compare the flavor qualities among the hepatopancreas of mud crab from Bohai Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea. The results showed that the sensory score of the hepatopancreas of male and female mud crabs from East China Sea was greater than that of two others. TAV analysis indicated that the sweet and umami tastes of hepatopancreas were better, and Glu (umami), Ala (sweet), and Arg (bitter/sweet) were the predominant free amino acids that contributed to pleasant flavors. Meanwhile, the amino acids contents of sweet and umami tastes in the hepatopancreas of male and female mud crabs from East China Sea were similar to those from Bohai Sea, which were higher than those from South China Sea. The principal component analysis showed that the sum of the first and second principal components of hepatopancreas from three sources of mud crabs was all higher than 90%, and there was a great difference in their flavors. Moreover, volatile compound analysis showed that 41, 45, 46 kinds of volatile flavor compounds in the hepatopancreas of male crabs from three districts were identified, while 45, 40, 43 kind of volatile flavor compounds in the hepatopancreas of female crabs were detected respectively. Aldehydes were the main flavor source of the hepatopancreas of mud crabs. The hepatopancreas of male and female mud crabs from East China Sea containing 1-Decene-3-one and 2-Pentylfuran showed a unique flavor. To sum up, the hepatopancreas of male and female mud crabs from East China Sea displayed relatively better flavor quality.