4种生防菌对烟草黑胫病的防治效果及对根际土壤微生物群落结构的影响

为明确亚麻假单胞菌、沙福芽胞杆菌、暹罗芽胞杆菌和哈茨木霉菌对烟草黑胫病的防治效果以及对根际土壤微生物的影响，通过盆栽和大田试验考察了这些菌株的防治效果，并采用Illumina Miseq测序技术测定了烟株根际土壤微生物的多样性。结果表明:①与农药甲霜·锰锌相比，亚麻假单胞菌、沙福芽胞杆菌、暹罗芽胞杆菌及哈茨木霉菌在盆栽和大田试验中均表现出较高的相对防治效果，分别为95.0%和95.9%、96.2%和81.2%、90.9%和78.4%、88.7%和39.3%。②甲霜·锰锌和生防菌处理后的烟株根际土壤微生物多样性降低，细菌和真菌核心物种数量分别呈现上升和下降的趋势。③甲霜·锰锌药剂和生防菌处理不影响土壤中细菌和真菌优势菌群群落结构，但改变了土壤中菌群的丰度。 

Effects of four biocontrol strains on tobacco black shank control and microorganism community structure of rhizosphere soil

In order to clarify the effects of Pseudomonas lini, Bacillus safensis, Bacillus siamensis and Hypocrea lixii on tobacco black shank (TBS) control and rhizosphere soil microorganisms, pot and field experiments were conducted to investigate the control effects of these strains, and the microorganism diversity of rhizosphere soil was tested by Illumina Miseq sequencing technology. The results showed that: 1) Compared with metalaxyl·mancozeb, P. lini, B. safensis, B. siamensis and H. lixii had better control efficacies in both the pot and field experiments, which were 95.0% and 95.9%, 96.2% and 81.2%, 90.9% and 78.4%, 88.7% and 39.3%, respectively. 2) The microorganism diversity of rhizosphere soil reduced after the treatments with metalaxyl·mancozeb and biocontrol bacteria. The numbers of main bacterial and fungal species presented an increasing trend and a decreasing trend respectively. 3) Although metalaxyl·mancozeb and the biocontrol bacteria did not change the structures of the dominant bacterial and fungal communities, the abundances of microorganisms in soil were different.