黍稷籽粒含油量及脂肪酸组成分析

研究分析18个黍稷（Panicum miliaceum L.）品种的籽粒含油量和脂肪酸组成。结果表明，黍稷籽粒含油量为2.54%~4.00%，均值3.71%。黍稷籽粒中主要脂肪酸为亚油酸（18:2n6）、油酸（18:1n9）和棕榈酸（16:0），含量区间分别为0.075~5.19、0.150~3.02和0.897~1.81 g/100 g，并含有棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、亚麻酸、花生四烯酸、二十二烷酸和二十四烷酸。不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）占总油脂的82.1%~ 94.6%。相关性分析和主成分分析的结果表明，10种脂肪酸含量存在显著的相关性。聚类分析表明，脂肪酸组成在黍稷品种间的差异显著。

Oil Content and Fatty Acid Composition Profiles in Panicum miliaceum L. Grain

Oil content and fatty acid composition profiles in grain of 18 proso millet accessions were investigated. The results showed that oil content in proso millet ranged from 2.54% to 4.00%, and averaged 3.71%. The major fatty acids detected were linoleic (18:2n6), oleic (18:1n9) and palmitic (16:0), ranging from 0.075 to 5.19, 0.150 to 3.02, and 0.897 to 1.81 g/100 g, respectively. Minor fatty acids included palmitoleic, stearic, linolenic, arachidic, arachidonic, docosanoic and tetracosanoic acids. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) accounted for 82.1%~94.6% of the total oil. Both correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicated significant inter-relationships among ten fatty acids. Cluster analysis suggested that the fatty acid profile was significantly related to genotypes.