法经济学视角下中国食品安全事件的规制维度

根据法经济学的理性经济人假设,食品安全事件产生的主要原因在于食品安全违法行为的总收益大于风险成本,以及违法行为人对食品安全违法行为成本的较低预期和对食品安全违法行为危害的较低预期。当前食品安全相关的法律规制却存在对食品安全违法行为的惩罚过轻、食品行业龙头企业违法行为频现,以及缺乏对食品安全规制的整体规划等问题,从而使食品安全违法行为具有了相当的获利空间,成为当前食品安全事件频发的主要原因。因此,有必要通过加大惩罚力度增加违法成本、建立龙头企业重点监控制度、提高违法成本预期,以及科学规划食品安全规制、加大打击力度等法律规制手段,实现对食品安全事件的有效控制。

Regulation Dimension of Food Safety Events in China from the Perspective of Economics of Law

According to the hypothesis of rational economic man in economics of law, the main reasons for food safety incidents are that the total income of food safety violations is greater than the risk cost, and the lower expectation of the offenders for the cost of food safety violations and the harm of food safety violations. However, the current food safety-related laws and regulations have some problems, such as too light punishment for food safety violations, frequent violations by leading enterprises in the food industry, and lack of overall planning for food safety regulation, so that food safety violations have considerable profit space and become food safety at present. The main cause of frequent incidents. Therefore, it is necessary to achieve effective control of food safety incidents by increasing penalties to increase illegal costs, establishing a key monitoring system for leading enterprises to improve the expectation of illegal costs, and scientific planning of food safety regulations to increase strikes.