3种杀菌剂在北京林地食用菌中的残留与安全性评价

在北京市林地食用菌基地采集不同品种食用菌,监测多菌灵、噻菌灵和咪鲜胺的残留水平。样品用乙腈提取,N-丙基乙二胺和弱阳离子交换吸附剂净化,超高效反相液相色谱分离,三重四极杆质谱检测,基质匹配标准溶液的外标法定量。在添加量为0.01~1.0 mg/kg时,方法的回收率为74%~100%,相对标准偏差为2%~13.0%,咪鲜胺、噻菌灵和多菌灵3种农药的最小检出量分别为0.003、0.003、0.001 5 ng,最低检出浓度为0.01 mg/kg。林地食用菌样品中噻菌灵的残留量均小于0.01 mg/kg,多菌灵的残留量为0.01~0.42 mg/kg,咪鲜胺的残留量为0.01~0.51 mg/kg。我国规定多菌灵、噻菌灵、咪鲜胺在食用菌中的最大残留限量分别为1.0、5.0、2.0 mg/kg,以此为依据,北京林地食用菌中的多菌灵、噻菌灵和咪鲜胺残留是安全的。

Residue and Safety Evaluation of Three Fungicides in Edible Fungi in Plantation Woodlands of Beijing

The objective of this study was to collect and analyze residue data of carbendazim, thiabendazole and prochlorazin edible fungi in Beijing plantation woodlands. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile, cleaned up by mixed PSA andMCX dispersive solid-phase extraction, separated by ultra performance liquid chromatography, detected using a triplequadrupole mass spectrometer under the multi-reaction monitoring model, and quantitatively analyzed with externalstandard method using matrix-match standard solution. Average recoveries in samples ranged from 74% to 100% at threespiked levels from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/kg, with relative standard deviations varying from 2% to 13.0%. Thiabendazole residuesin the tested samples were below 0.01 mg/kg, carbendazim residues ranged from 0.01 to 0.42 mg/kg and prochloraz residuesranged from 0.01 to 0.51 mg/kg, which were all less than their maximum residue limits in edible fungus (5.0, 1.0 and2.0 mg/kg, respectively). Based on these results, the three pesticides residues were safe for the edible fungi in Beijingplantation woodlands.