人参糖肽结合耐力运动对高脂血症大鼠血脂和抗氧化功能的影响

目的:观察人参糖肽(ginseng glycopeptide,GGP)结合耐力运动对高脂血症大鼠降血脂和抗氧化的作用。方法:采用高脂饲料喂养8周,建立高脂血症大鼠模型。将高脂大鼠按TC含量随机分为高脂模型对照组(F组),耐力运动组(E组),GGP 80 mg/(kg·d)组(G组),GGP 80 mg/(kg·d)+耐力运动组(GE组),将同批未经上述处理的大鼠作为正常对照组(N组),每组10只大鼠,E组与GE组进行8周的中小强度的跑步训练,期间G组与GE组按80 mg/(kg·d)皮下注射给药,正常对照组与模型对照组皮下注射同体积生理盐水,每天1次,连续8周。实验结束时,检测高脂血症大鼠血清中甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterin,LDL-C)、载脂蛋白A1(apolipoprotein A1,ApoA1)、载脂蛋白B(apolipoprotein B,ApoB)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)及谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)水平。结果:F组大鼠TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB、MDA水平明显高于N组(P0.01或P0.001),HDL-C、ApoA1、SOD水平明显低于N组(P0.01或P0.001)。与F组比较,E组、G组及GE组大鼠TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB、MDA水平明显降低(P0.05或P0.01或P0.001),HDL-C、ApoA1、SOD明显升高(P0.05或P0.001)。与E组比较,G组TC水平明显降低(P0.05),SOD水平明显升高(P0.05),对其他指标无明显差异(P0.05);GE组TG、TC、LDL-C、ApoB及MDA水平明显低于E组(P0.05或P0.01),HDL-C、SOD和GSH水平明显高于E组(P0.05)。与G组比较,GE组TG、LDL-C、ApoB及MDA水平明显降低(P0.05),SOD、GSH水平明显升高(P0.05),对其他指标无明显影响(P0.05)。结论:单纯注射GGP与单纯耐力运动可降低高脂血症大鼠的血脂水平,对机体脂质代谢紊乱具有较好的调节作用。GGP结合耐力运动对高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用优于单纯给予GGP和单纯耐力运动。

Effect of Ginseng Glycopeptide Combined with Endurance Exercise on Blood Lipids and Antioxidative Capacity in Hyperlipemia Rats

Objective: To investigate the effect of endurance exercise combined with ginseng glycopeptide on blood
lipids and antioxidative capacity in hyperlipemia rats. Methods: A rat model of hyperlipidemia was induced by highfat
diet feeding for 8 weeks. The rats not fed with high-fat diet were selected as the normal control group (group N),
and the hyperlipidemia rats were randomly divided into four groups by total cholesterol, i.e., model control group
(group F), 80 mg/(kg·d) GGP group (group G), endurance exercise group (group E), 80 mg/(kg·d) GGP coupled with
endurance exercise group (group GE). Group E and group GE were subjected to small and medium-intensity running
training for 8 weeks. GGP preparation in normal saline was subcutaneously injected to the rats from group G and group
GE at a dose of 80 mg/(kg·d). The model rats were subjected to subcutaneous injection with normal saline for 8 weeks.
At the end of the experiment, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),
low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoproteins A1 (ApoA1) and B (ApoB), superoxide dismutase
(SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were determined. Results: Compared with group N, group F
showed significantly increased levels of TG, TC, LDL-C, ApoB and MDA (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.001), but significantly
lowered levels of HDL-C, ApoA1 and SOD (P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.001). Compared with group F, the levels of TG, TC,
LDL-C, ApoB and MDA were increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.001), while HDL-C, ApoA1
and SOD were significantly lower than in group E, group G and group GE (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.001). Compared with
group E, TC level was significantly lower in group G (P ＜ 0.05), while SOD was increased significantly in group GE
(P ＜ 0.05). However, other indices decreased but no statistical difference was found (P ＞ 0.05). The levels of TC,
TG, LDL-C and ApoB were significantly lower in group GE (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01), and HDL-C, SOD and GSH were
increased significantly in group GE than in group E (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with group G, the levels of TG, LDL-C and
ApoB were significantly lower in group GE (P ＜ 0.05), while SOD and GSH were increased significantly in group GE
(P ＜ 0.05). Similarly, other indices exhibited a reduction, but no statistical difference was observed. Conclusion: Blood lipid
levels in hyperlipidemia rats are reduced in response to GGP injection combined with endurance exercise. This combination
exerts a better lipid-lowering effect than either alone.