乙酰甲喹在刺参幼参中的代谢及其对成品刺参食用安全性评价

对乙酰甲喹在刺参幼参中的代谢及代谢物对成品刺参食用安全性影响进行研究评价。将刺参幼参分别暴露于2、4、6 mg/L的乙酰甲喹药浴液，浸泡24 h，消除96 h，采集不同时间点样品，用高效液相色谱法检测其中乙酰甲喹及代谢物3-甲基喹噁啉-2-羧酸（3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic acid，MQCA）含量。结果表明：刺参幼参对水体中的乙酰甲喹吸收迅速，分别在2.5、1.5、1.5 h达到峰值，分别为0.89、1.73、2.56 mg/kg；各药浴组刺参幼参对乙酰甲喹富集系数分别为0.45、0.43和0.43；其药时曲线下面积值与药浴质量浓度呈正相关（R2=1）；乙酰甲喹在刺参幼参中消除迅速，消除0.5 h后，约85%的药物从体内排出或代谢，72 h后无检出。代谢物MQCA最早于药浴15 min产生（6 mg/L组），且含量不断增长，24 h达到最大值29.2 μg/kg；MQCA在刺参幼参中消除缓慢，将在刺参体内长时间存在。采用食品安全指数法对成品刺参中MQCA进行食用安全性评价，食品安全指数值为1.23×10－4，即MQCA对成参食用安全性没有影响。

Metabolism of Mequindox in Juvenile Apostichopus japonicus and Safety Evaluation of Its Metabolites for Consumption of Adult Apostichopus japonicus

The metabolism of mequindox and the food safety evaluation of its metabolite 3-methyl-quinoxaline-2-carboxylic
acid (MQCA) in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus were investigated. The juvenile sea cucumbers were divided
randomly and exposed to seawater containing 2, 4 and 6 mg/L mequindox for 24 hours. Subsequently, Apostichopus
japonicus were placed into clean seawater for 96 hours for the depletion experiments. The samples were collected during
the exposure and depletion and were detected for the contents of mequindox and MQCA by high performance liquid
chromatography. The data were processed with software DAS 2.0 and SPSS 13.0. The mequindox in seawater was rapidly
absorbed by Apostichopus japonicus, and the peak concentrations (Cmax) were 0.89, 1.73, and 2.56 mg/kg, respectively at 2.5,
1.5 and 1.5 h during the exposure period. The bioconcentration factors (BCF) were 0.45, 0.43 and 0.43, and the area under
the curve (AUC) values revealed a positive correlation with the exposed concentrations (R2 = 1). The depletion of mequindox
in Apostichopus japonicus was also rapid, and 85% of mequindox was excreted or metabolized in 0.5 h. Mequindox became
undetectable after 72 h elimination. MQCA was identified as one of the metabolites of mequindox. It was detected at 15 min
exposure, and increased to the peak concentration of 29.2 μg/kg at 24 h during the exposure period (6 mg/L group).
Depletion of MQCA was slow, and remained in Apostichopus japonicus for long-term. The food safety of grown-up
Apostichopus japonicus was evaluated based on the safety index (IFS), and the IFS of MQCA in grown-up Apostichopus
japonicus was 1.23 × 10－4 (far less than 1) with no effect on the food safety.