罗非鱼尾胶原蛋白的提取与鉴定

采用罗非鱼尾为原料,研究鱼尾脂溶性色素的去除方法及胶原蛋白的提取工艺,并测定胶原蛋白纯度,鉴定胶原蛋白类型。结果表明,去除色素的最佳方案为混合溶剂氯仿-甲醇-水(1:2:0.8,V/V)、料液比1:15(g/mL)、时间36h,此条件下色素去除率达鱼尾湿质量的2.85%;正交试验确定胶原蛋白提取的最佳工艺为盐酸胍浓度3mol/L、胃蛋白酶添加量3.0%(以粗蛋白量计)、时间72h、料液比1:50(g/mL)、提取次数2次,此条件下胶原蛋白提取率达鱼尾湿质量的4.96%,占鱼尾粗蛋白含量的40.39%;提取物中胶原蛋白含量达94.63%,且显示Ⅰ型胶原蛋白的特征。

Extraction and Identification of Collagen from Tilapia Tail

The remove of lipid-soluble pigments and extraction of collagen from tilapia tails were studied.In addition,collagen purity and type were analyzed.The highest pigment removal rate,2.85%(calculated on wet basis),was obtained after 36 h of treatment with a mixture of chloroform,methanol and water(1:2:0.8,V/V) at a material-to-liquid ratio of 1:1.5(g/mL).The optimal conditions for collagen extraction,as determined by orthogonal array optimization,were guanidine hydrochloride concentration 3 mol/L,pepsin dose 3.0%(calculated based on crude protein weight),material-to-liquid ratio 1:50(g/mL),and twice repeated extraction for 72 h each time.Under these conditions,the extraction efficiency of collagen was 4.96%(calculated on wet basis).In tilapia tails,collagen accounted for 40.39% of total crude protein.The extract obtained contained 94.63% of collagen and displayed the characteristics of collagen typeⅠ.