巴西蜂胶化学成分的研究及安全性评价

本研究对巴西蜂胶样品中的营养成分、农药残留及重金属的种类及含量进行了定性和定量检测，并对其质量和食品安全性进行了评价。结果表明巴西蜂胶中总黄酮含量为7．3％，与国家标准进行对照，高于优质蜂胶的总黄酮含量5％的标准。乙醇提取物含量为46．07％：蛋白质和脂肪含量分别为106、152g／kg；维生素A、维生素E含量分别为161，1382mg／kg。同时巴西蜂胶中还含有17种氨基酸，10种脂肪酸，17种矿质元素。此外，巴西蜂胶的农药残留量和重金属含量较低，甲胺磷、对硫磷、六六六、滴滴涕、汞均未检出。这些结果表明，巴西蜂胶是一种高营养且无污染的高质量安全食品，这为蜂胶的功能性食品的开发和研究提供一个可靠的基础。

The Chemical Constituents Detection of Brazilian Propolis and Its Safety Evaluation

The chemical constituents of Brazilian propolis were determined and its quality and safety were also evaluated. Results indicated that the total polyphenol and flavonoids content in Brazilian propolis was 7.3 %, which is much higher than that mentioned in the national standard. The content of 75% ethanolic extract was 46.07%.The content of protein was 106g/kg. The content of fat was 152g/kg. Fat-soluble vitamins Vitamin A and Vitamin E were 161mg/kg, 1382mg/kg respectively. Meanwhile, 17 kinds of amino acid were identified in Brazilian propolis. 10 fatty acids and 17 microelements were found in Brazilian propolis. However, the pesticide residue was very low. DDT, methamidophos, parathion, benzene hexachloride (BHC) were not detected. And heavy metal mercury (Hg) was not detected, the content of Arsenic (As) was 0.01 mg/kg. These data suggest that Brazilian propolis is nutritional, safe and of high quality. The research gives a solid base to the development of functional foods with Brazilian propolis.