鱼产品掺假鉴别技术研究进展

由于水产品种类多、消费量大,近缘关系之间的物种品质和价格差距悬殊,导致水产品掺假以及错贴标签等欺诈现象层出不穷,损害了消费者的利益甚至健康。传统的感官识别方法具有一定的局限性,因此需要建立快速、准确的水产品鉴别方法。本文总结了常见的几类易掺假的鱼肉及鱼产品,并综述了水产品掺假鉴别技术。掺假鉴别技术主要分为无损检测技术、蛋白质分析技术和核酸分析技术三大类,包括光谱、质谱、酶联免疫吸附测定和聚合酶链式反应等。本文概括了水产品掺假鉴别技术的应用与特点,深入探讨了其发展趋势,期望为水产品掺假鉴别提供技术参考。

Recent Advances in Identification Techniques for Fish Adulteration

Due to the large number of fish species, large consumption and the quality and price gap between fish products from closely related species, adulteration and mislabeling of fish products and other types of fraud have occurred one by one, which damage the interest of consumers and even their health. The traditional sensory-directed identification has certain limitations, which highlights the requirement for faster and more accurate techniques to identify seafood adulteration. In this article, several kinds of common adulterated fish products are summarized, and the technologies used to identify adulterated fish products are reviewed, including non-destructive testing technologies (spectroscopy and mass spectrometry), protein analysis (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and nucleic acid analysis (polymerase chain reaction). Meanwhile, the application and characteristics of these technologies are reviewed, and future development trends are also discussed in an effort to provide technical support for the identification of adulterated fish products.