不同品种蓝莓品质特性及聚类分析

通过对山东省14个主栽蓝莓品种的感官品质、营养品质、加工品质等指标进行测定,并采用聚类分析法评价蓝莓品种的综合品质,从而筛选出品质较佳的蓝莓品种。结果表明:不同品种蓝莓品质存在差异,以抗氧化物质含量、出汁率、固酸比差异较大。品种‘L5’花色苷含量最高(617.46 mg/100 g)且固酸比最大(47.78%);‘蓝塔1’出汁率最高(78.43%);‘蓝塔2’总糖含量最高(10.75%)。14个品种可聚为5类,第1类为‘37-1’、‘奥尼尔’、‘北陆’和‘B’;第2类为‘埃利奥特1’、‘布尔吉塔’、‘蓝丰’及‘蓝塔1’;第3类包括‘埃利奥特2’、‘杜克’和‘Z’;‘H34’和‘蓝塔2’聚为第4类;‘L5’为第5类。经分析初步评价,第2类为适宜加工果汁果酒的优良品种;第3类为适宜贮藏的蓝莓品种;第4类为适宜鲜食的优良品种;第5类为加工果酱、果脯的优良品种。

Quality Properties and Cluster Analysis of Different Blueberry Cultivars

Quality properties of 14 different blueberry cultivars from Shandong province were analyzed in terms of sensory
evaluation, nutritional qualities, and processing characteristics. Cluster analysis was used to evaluate the overall quality of
different cultivars to choose the best cultivar. The results indicated that the fruit quality had differences among different
blueberry cultivars. Notable differences were observed in antioxidant substances, fruit juice rate and solid/acid ratio of
these blueberry cultivars. L5 exhibited the highest abundance of anthocyanins (617.46 mg/100 g) and solid/acid ratio
(47.78%), while Lanta-1 indicated the highest fruit juice rate (78.43%). In addition, total sugar content of Lanta-2 was the
highest among the cultivars analyzed. The 14 varieties could be grouped into four categories: the first category included
37-1, O’ Neal, Beilu and B; the second category included Elliott-1, Brigitta, Lanfeng and Lanta-1; the third category
included Elliott-2, Duke and Z. H34 and Lanta-2 belonged to the fourth category; and L5 was assigned to the last category.
Preliminary evaluation showed that the blueberry varieties in the second category were excellent for juice- or wine-making.
The fourth category was excellent blueberry varieties for direct consumption. Besides, the last category was the excellent
blueberry cultivar suitable both for making jam and processing dried fruit.