4-氯苯氧乙酸钠对小鼠的毒性及其残留分析

目的：探讨毒豆芽中常用植物生长调节剂4-氯苯氧乙酸钠（sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate，4-CPANa）对小鼠的急性、蓄积性毒性及其在小鼠机体的残留规律。方法：采用改良寇氏法测定4-CPANa对小鼠的急性毒性；蓄积性毒性实验以107.4 mg/kg为起始剂量，采用剂量递增蓄积系数法染毒，观察记录实验期间小鼠的一般生理指标，结束后测定小鼠血液生化指标、脏器指数、组织病理变化状况，超高效液相色谱法测定4-CPANa在小鼠机体内的残留量。结果：4-CPANa对小鼠经口半数致死剂量（LD50）为1 074.1 mg/kg，蓄积系数K＞8；4-CPANa对小鼠的生理及血液生化指标有不同程度影响，肝脏、肾脏均发生组织病理学变化；小鼠机体中4-CPANa残留量由高到低的顺序为：尿液＞肾脏＞肝脏＞血液＞心脏＞脑组织＞肌肉。结论：4-CPANa为低毒、低等蓄积性药物，其毒性效应主要表现为对小鼠肝脏和肾脏的毒性作用。

Acute and Accumulative Toxicity and Detection of Residual Sodium 4-Chlorophenoxyacetate in Mice

Objective: To investigate acute and accumulative toxicity and residual patterns of sodium 4-chlorophenoxyacetate
(4-CPANa), a plant growth regulator usually abused in poisonous bean sprouts, in mice. Methods: The oral acute toxicity
of 4-CPANa in mice was determined by a modified Korbor method, and oral accumulative toxicity was assayed by
an incremental exposure accumulative coefficient method with an initial dose of 107.4 mg/kg. Physiological indices
of mice were recorded during the experimental period. Serum biochemical and organ indices and morphological
examination of mice were carried out, and the 4-CPANa residues in mouse body were analyzed by ultrahigh-performance
liquid chromatography at the end of the experiment. Results: The half-lethal dose (LD50) of 4-CPANa to mice was
1 074.1 mg/kg and the accumulative coefficient K was larger than 8. Compared with the control group, 4-CPANa showed
different influence on physiological and serum biochemical indices in mice. Furthermore, 4-CPANa also resulted in visible
lesions and significant histopathological changes in the liver and kidney of mice. The 4-CPANa residue in mice was
observed in the following decreasing order: urine > kidney > liver > blood > heart > brain > muscle. Conclusion: 4-CPANa
was classified as the 4th level of toxicity and belonged to the low-accumulation family. The toxic effect of 4-CPANa toward
mice was mainly exhibited as lesions in liver and kidney.