糖尿病患者肠道中4种重要菌群的定量分析

目的:了解正常人群与Ⅱ型糖尿病人,以及Ⅱ型糖尿病人在是否有家族遗传、是否用药治疗和是否伴随肥胖等情况下肠道中拟杆菌、双歧杆菌、柔嫩梭菌和乳杆菌的含量与变化,为预防和治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病开辟新途径。方法:收集上述各类人群粪便样品(每组10人),分别提取样品中微生物的总DNA,运用荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增4种重要菌群的特异性片段,计算含量,分析上述菌群的变化差异。结果:正常人群肠道中的拟杆菌和双歧杆菌含量均显著低于Ⅱ型糖尿病人群;柔嫩梭菌和乳杆菌含量均显著高于后者。在Ⅱ型糖尿病人群中,用药患者组和肥胖+高血糖患者组的肠道中拟杆菌和双歧杆菌含量均显著低于未用药患者组和单纯高血糖患者组,而柔嫩梭菌和乳杆菌含量均显著高于后者。有无Ⅱ型糖尿病遗传史对患者肠道内4种菌群的含量均无显著影响。结论:4种重要菌群与Ⅱ型糖尿病的发生和发展有密切关系;用药治疗后的患者肠道中4种重要菌群含量比其他各组更接近正常人群;肥胖易加重Ⅱ型糖尿病病情;而有无Ⅱ型糖尿病家族遗传对这4种菌群的含量几乎没有影响。

Quantitative Analysis of Important Gut Flora in Diabetic Patients

Objective: To understand the relative contents and changes of Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium leptum
and Lactobacillus in the intestinal flora of healthy people and diabetic patients with and without genetic inheritance, drug
treatment or obesity for future prevention and treatment of diabetes. Methods: Fecal samples were collected from the above
populations (n = 10). The total DNAs of microorganisms were extracted from the samples, and specific gene fragments
from the four intestinal bacteria were amplified by fluorescence quantitative PCR. Differences and changes in these four
bacterial species were studied. Results: The relative contents of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium in healthy population
were lower than those in diabetic population, while the relative contents of Clostridium leptum and Lactobacillus in healthy
population were higher than those in diabetic population. Among the diabetic population, the contents of Bacteroides and
Bifidobacterium after drug treatment were lower than those before drug treatment, while the relative contents of Clostridium
leptum and Lactobacillus were higher in patients without drug treatment. The contents of Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium
in obese patients with high blood glucose were lower than those of the patients with high blood glucose alone, while the
relative contents of Clostridium leptum and Lactobacillus were higher in the formers. Genetic inheritance had no statistical
significance. Conclusion: These four gut bacteria are closely related to the origination and development of diabetes. Their
contents in diabetic patients with drug treatment are close to those in healthy population. Obesity aggravates the development
of diabetes. Genetic inheritance has no effect on gut flora.