不同红曲菌中红曲色素与橘霉素的比较分析

红曲菌可产生红曲色素(Monascus pigments,Mps)等多种有益的次级代谢产物,但部分红曲菌产生的橘霉素(citrinin,CIT)引起了人们对红曲产品安全性的关注。本研究以22株红曲菌(含14株模式菌株)为研究材料,通过复合萃取剂前处理方法和超高效液相色谱法分析其发酵红曲米中Mps和CIT含量,结果表明13株菌可同时产生Mps和CIT,4株菌只产生CIT不产生Mps,5株菌既不产Mps也不产CIT,Mps产量最高的菌株是紫色红曲菌3.4443,CIT产量最高的菌株是橙色红曲菌3.4384。利用主成分分析发现在产Mps和CIT的红曲菌株中,黄、橙色素与橘霉素呈正相关,而红色素与橘霉素呈负相关。该结果可为系统分析红曲菌株代谢产物差异,高产Mps产品开发提供参考。

Comparative Analysis of Monascus Pigments and Citrinin in Different Monascus Species

Monascus produces many beneficial secondary metabolites including Monascus pigments (Mps), while some Monascus strains can produce citrinin (CIT), which arouses people’s concern about the safety of Monascus products. In this study, the contents of Mps and CIT in fermented rice with 22 Monascus strains (including 14 model strains) were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) after being pretreated with a composite extractant. The results showed that of the 22 strains, 13 could produce both Mps and CIT, 4 could only produce CIT, while 5 produced neither Mps nor CIT. Monascus 3.4443 and 3.4384 possessed the highest yields of Mps and CIT, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that CIT was positively correlated to yellow and orange pigments but negatively correlated to red pigments from the Monascus pigments producers. The results from this study can provide valuable information for the systematic analysis of Monascus metabolites and the development of Monascus products with high Mps content.