食品领域职业打假行为法律规制研究

随着牟利性职业打假案件的增多,社会各界对职业打假行为争执不休。本文以惩罚性赔偿制度的适用情况为切入点,梳理了我国食品法律针对职业打假行为的制度沿革。同时,结合我国现实,从社会学角度归纳总结了食品安全事故发生的原因,论证了当前在食品安全领域中支持职业打假行为是出于特殊的政策性考量,具有合理性。另外,针对职业打假行为的负面效应,本文从惩罚性赔偿的适用条件、食品安全标准的界定、食品标识瑕疵、恶意诉讼等方面进行了细化分析,以期扬长避短,更好地发挥职业打假行为的优势,达到助力净化食品市场的目的。

Legal Regulation of Occupational Anti-Counterfeiting in the Field of Food

With the increase of profit-making occupational anti-counterfeiting cases reported, all social circles are arguing about this social phenomenon. Starting with the applicability of punitive damage system, this article summarizes the institutional evolution of China’s food law on occupational anti-counterfeiting. At the same time, given the current condition of China, the causes of food safety accidents are interpreted from the perspective of sociology. This review justifies supporting occupational anti-counterfeiting in the field of food safety based on special policy considerations. In addition, the negative effects of occupational anti-counterfeiting are elucidated with respect to the conditions for the applicability of punitive damage system, the definition of food safety standards, food mislabeling and malicious prosecution in an effort to make the best use of the strengths and avoid the weaknesses of occupational anti-counterfeiting and consequently help to purify the food market.