老年住院患者营养状况的评价与分析

目的：用不同营养评价方法评价老年住院患者的营养状况，分析不同因素对老年住院患者营养状况的影响。方法：以2012年4月_2012年8月在中日友好医院住院治疗的年龄I〉65岁的225例老年患者为研究对象，入院后第三天使用微型营养评价精法（MNA—SF）对研究对象进行评估。进行评估时测量上臂围（AC）、小腿围（CC）、身高、体重、计算体质指数（BMI），记录入院后距进行评估最近的一次血清白蛋白（ALB）检测值。使用统一问卷对研究对象进行调查。结果：MNA—SF、AC、CC、ALB评定住院老年患者营养不良和营养不良风险发生率分别是58．7％、24％、34．7％、22．7％，BMI的评定表明，低体重占20％，超重和肥胖占38．2％。年龄、对自身营养状况的关注度和日常生活活动能力显著影响老年住院患者的营养状况。结论：老年住院患者营养不良和营养不良风险发生率较高。加强营养宣教，增强生活自理能力、定期进行营养评价、积极进行营养干预和营养治疗有助于改善老年住院患者的营养状况。

Evaluation and Analysis of Nutrition Status for Aged Inpatients

Objective] To evaluate the nutrition status of aged inpatients by different nutritional assessment, and analyze the effects of different influencing factors on mutrition status. Method] Totally 225 inpatients aged〉~65 years in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from A- pril 2012 to August 2012 were consecutively enrolled, and Mini-nutrition Assessment Short Form （MNA-SF） was performed on the 3rd day after admission. Meanwhile, arm circumference （AC）, calf circumference （CC）, height, body weight, body mass index （BMI）, serum albumin （ALB） were also measured. These inpatients were investigated by using unified questionnaire. Result] The Results showed that the risk prevalence rate of malnutrition from MNA-SF, AC, CC, ALB were 58.7% , 24% , 34. 7% , 22. 7% respectively. BMI showed that a~ bout 20% of them were low weight and 38. 2% of them were overweight and obesity. Nutrition status was significantly influenced by ages, carefulness for nutrition and activities of daily living. Conclusion] The rate of malnutrition and the risk of malnutrition in aged inpatients were higher. It is contributed to improve nutrition status of aged inpaticnts by enhancing nutrition education, ability of living, nutrition as- sessment, nutrition invention and nutrition therapy.