我国中老年人1991～2006年零食消费率变化及影响因素研究

目的:分析我国45岁及以上中老年人零食消费率的变化趋势、影响因素及零食消费的营养素模式。方法:利用中美合作课题"中国居民营养与健康状况调查"1991年、2004年和2006年的连续3d24h膳食回顾调查数据,采用Logistic回归方法分析影响零食消费率的主要因素,并控制这些可能的影响因素后分析我国中老年人零食消费者的营养素摄入模式。结果:我国中老年零食消费率随时间变化呈明显的上升趋势,2004～2006年的上升速度约为1991～2004年的10倍。收入水平、受教育程度、居住地区及体力活动水平是影响我国中老年人零食消费的重要因素。结论:我国中老年人零食消费行为正处于快速变迁阶段,应及时进行合理的营养干预,引导合理的饮食结构。

Snacking Behaviours of Middle and Elder Adults in China during from 1991 to 2006 and Its Factors

Objective] To describe shift in snacking behavior among Chinese middle and elder adults aged 45 years old and over. Method] Three waves of data, collected in 1991, 2004 and 2006, from the China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS） were used in the paper. Logistic regressions of pooled data were performed to analyze the main factors of snacking and nutrients intake pattern of subjects who snack compared with those who didn＇ t snack. Results] Prevalence of snacking had an increasing trend over time. Income level, education level, area of resident and physical activity level were all important factors of snacking. Conclusion] Snacking behaviors, as a key determination of dietary structure, has been experienced a specific transition. SES plays a vital role in the stages of the snacking behavior transition in China. Future health promotion programs targeting the higher-SES population will exert farreaching effects on the improvement of health status.