ABA和乙烯利处理对京优葡萄果皮花色苷和果实品质的影响

以京优葡萄为试材,研究不同浓度ABA和乙烯利处理果穗对果皮花色苷含量及果实品质的影响.结果表明,ABA和乙烯利处理皆能促进果实软化、有机酸降解、可溶性固形物和果皮色素积累,具有促进果实成熟的作用.乙烯利软化果实的效果明显好于ABA,但促进果实可溶性固形物积累的效果弱于ABA.300 mg/L ABA和乙烯利处理的催熟效果不明显,仅能使果实提前3～6d成熟；高浓度乙烯利处理(600 mg/L和900 mg/L)可以有效促进果实成熟,但会导致着色不良、裂果和落果等问题；600 mg/LABA处理效果最佳,可以使果实提前13～16 d成熟,且果实理化指标皆能满足商品要求.

Effects of exogenous ABA and ethephon treatments on anthocyanin of grape skin and fruit quality of Jingyou

The effects of exogenous ABA(abscisic acid) and ethephon treatments on the accumulation of skin anthocyanin and fruit quality of Jingyou(V.labrusca×V.vinifera) grape were investigated.The results demonstrated that treatments with ABA and ethylene both play positive role in fruit softening,degradation of organic acid and accumulation of soluble solid and anthocyanin.Application of ethephon could improve berry softening more effectively than ABA,but the effect on soluble solid accumulation of ethephon was weaker than ABA.The effect of 300 mg/L ABA and ethephon treatments on acceleration of maturation was not obvious,which brought the mature forward only about 3～6 d prior to the control.High concentration of ethephon(900 mg/L and 600 mg/L) could accelerate the ripening of berry,but the treatments could cause the phenomenon of uneven pigmentation,fruit cracking and drop,etc.The optimal treatment was 600 mg/ L ABA,which could accelerate the berry maturation by 13~16 d prior to the control,and attained marketable quality.