利用过氧化物同工酶进行葡萄品种及霜霉病抗性鉴定研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直板凝胶电泳,分析了22个葡萄品种的叶片中过氧化物(POD)同工酶酶谱特征.结果表明,22个品种共电泳出6种过氧化物同工酶酶带,酶谱类型17种,表明POD同工酶酶谱不能将葡萄品种鉴别开来,每种过氧化酶酶谱类型具3～5条酶带;Rf为0.6089的酶带为22个葡萄品种共有的特征谱带;Rf为0.3333酶带,为感或中感霜霉病的品种的特征谱带;Rf为0.2978、0.2661和0.4455的酶带,为抗或中抗霜霉病品种的特征谱带;SPSS分析和UPGMA聚类分析结果表明,供试品种可分为五大类群:第一、二类群为森田尼无核、无核8611等12个欧亚品种,表现感至中感霜霉病;第三、四类群为超藤、饭刚黑、巨峰等10个欧美杂交种,表现抗至中抗霜霉病.用POD同工酶特征谱带鉴定葡萄品种抗感霜霉病类型是比较有效的方法,但不能作为葡萄品种鉴定的有效方法.

Studies on Identification of Grapevine Varieties and Its Resistance to Downy Mildew by Means of the Peroxidase Isozyme

The peroxidase isozyme of vine leaves from 22 varieties were analyzed by plumb plate of polyarclamide gel electrophoresis. The results of electrophoresis obtained 6 bands of peroxidase and 17 zymograms types, which indicated that the grapevine varieties could not be identified by POD Isozyme and each one had 3 to 5 bands; the band of 0.6089 Rf was characteristic of 22 varieties, the band of 0.3333 Rf was the featuring Rf of downy mildew, the bands of 0.2661 Rf, 0.2978 Rf and 0.4455 Rf were the featuring Rf of anti-downy mildew variety. According to the results of SPSS and UPGMA cluster analysis, the grapevine varieties can be divided into five groups: group 1 and 2 are 12 Vitis uinifer such as Centennial seedless, Wuhe 8611 etc, showing susceptibility and mid-susceptibility to downy mildew; Group3, 4, 5 are 10 Vitis uinifer and V. labrussca hybrid such as Fujiminori, Fanganghei, Kyoho, showing resistance mid-resistance to downy mildew. Therefore, the featuring Rf of POD isozyme is applicable to identify disease reaction to downy mildew type of grapevine varieties, but not effective in the identification of grapevine varieties.