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Determination of pesticide residues in food matrices using the QuEChERS methodology
Authors:Angelika Wilkowska  Marek Biziuk
Affiliation:Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza Street 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
Abstract:The determination of pesticide residues in food matrices is a formidable challenge mainly because of the small quantities of analytes and large amounts of interfering substances which can be co-extracted with analytes and, in most cases, adversely affect the results of an analysis. However, safety concerns require that pesticides of the wide range of chemical properties (including acidic, basic and neutral) should be monitored. Because of the wide variety of food matrices, the sample must initially be cleaned up before final analysis. That is why the analytical chemist is faced with the need to devise new methodologies for determining such residues to be determined in a single analytical run. To accomplish the goal, QuEChERS methodology has been developed. It is a streamlined and effective extraction and cleanup approach for the analysis of diverse analyte residues in food matrices. So far, there have been achieved promising results by liquid or gas chromatography analysis, including pesticides, but also acrylamide, pharmaceuticals and veterinary drugs.
Keywords:ASE  accelerated solvent extraction  d-SPE  dispersive solid-phase extraction  FDA  Food and Drug Administration  GC  gas chromatography  GCB  graphitised carbon black  LC  liquid chromatography  MAE  microwave-assisted extraction  MRMs  multiresidue methods  MS  mass spectrometry  MSPD  matrix solid-phase dispersion  QuEChERS  acronym for Quick Easy Cheap Rugged Effective and Safe  the name of a widely used methodology for the analysis of pesticide residues in food  PSA  primary secondary amine  SFE  supercritical fluid extraction  SPE  solid-phase extraction  SPME  solid-phase microextraction
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