雪茄芯叶人工发酵温湿度控制对化学成分和香味品质的影响

为探究发酵条件对雪茄芯叶香味品质的影响，以传统茄芯品种什烟1号为材料进行人工发酵，设置温湿度互作试验测定样品发酵前后的常规化学成分、中性香气成分及感官质量。结果表明:（1）发酵后烟叶中的总糖、还原糖、烟碱和总氮含量均显著降低，且随温度升高降幅增加。（2）烟叶各类香气物质及其总量涨幅随着发酵温度升高先增大后减小，随湿度的增加显著升高，在45℃-RH 90%条件下含量达到极值676.75 μg/g，较发酵前增加45.36%。（3）温度对化学成分含量变化的贡献大于湿度，尤其是总糖和总氮，贡献率超过90%，湿度则对香气成分含量及感官质量变化的贡献更大。（4）在45℃~48℃、RH90%、烟叶含水率（30.32±2.16）%条件下发酵时烟叶化学成分协调，香气成分优良，抽吸品质最佳，烟叶品质提升效果最好。 

Effect of artificial fermentation temperature and humidity on chemical composition and aroma quality of cigar filler tobacco

In order to explore the influence of fermentation conditions on the aroma quality of cigar filler tobacco, the traditional cigar filler tobacoo variety Shiyan No. 1 was used for artificial fermentation, and temperature and humidity interaction tests were carried out to determine the conventional chemical composition, neutral aroma composition and sensory quality of the samples before and after fermentation. The results showed that: (1) The content of total sugar, reducing sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen in the tobacco leaves after fermentation decreased significantly, and the decreasing amplitude increased with the increase of temperature. (2) The contents of various aroma substances in cigar filler tobacco increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of fermentation temperature, and increased significantly with the increase of humidity. The maximum content reached of 676.75 μg/g was obtained under the condition of 45℃-RH90%, which was increased by 45.36% compared with that before fermentation. (3) Temperature contributed more to the content change of chemical compositions than humidity, especially total sugar and total nitrogen, with a contribution rate of more than 90%, while humidity contributed more to changes in aroma component content and sensory quality. (4) When fermented under the conditions of 45℃~48℃, RH90%, and tobacco leaf moisture content of 30.32%±2.16%, the chemical composition of cigar filler tobacco was more coordinated, the aroma components were excellent, the smoking quality was the best, and the tobacco quality was improved.