海南H382雪茄烟叶不同发酵周期细菌群落多样性表征及演替分析

  目的  探索海南H382雪茄烟叶发酵中细菌群落组成和演替规律，为揭示发酵机制提供依据，为筛选功能细菌提供参考。  方法  通过16S rRNA测序技术对海南H382雪茄烟叶不同发酵时期的细菌群落多样性及群落演替规律进行表征，并利用PICRUSt预测了不同发酵时期细菌群落的功能。  结果  （1）雪茄烟叶发酵中细菌群落多样性较丰富，7个样本共聚类299个OTU，属于27个属；不同发酵时期样本中OTU数目不同，发酵前期呈增加趋势，随后呈现下降趋势，以YB_3（样本-3）中OTU最多，共222个；（2）以细菌占比多少为标准，H382雪茄烟叶发酵过程中细菌群落演替规律为:含量最高由YB_2中的葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）到YB_3中海洋芽孢杆菌属（Oceanobacillus, ），随后为YB_4（样本-4）中假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas），最后为YB_5、YB_6和YB_7中的葡萄球菌属（Staphylococcus）；（3）PICRUSt功能预测结果显示，样本间预测功能种类差异小，而样本间功能种类的丰度差异较大。  结论  H382雪茄烟叶发酵过程中细菌群落组成多样性丰富，优势菌群在本实验条件下是演替的。发酵过程中主要的细菌群落由发酵初期的Staphylococcus、Enterococcus和Pantoea，演变为中期的Oceanobacillus、Paracoccus、Staphylococcus和Bacillus，随后演变为Pseudomonas和Enterobacter，最后稳定为Staphylococcus和Terribacillus。根据细菌的功能预测，它们主要参与氨基酸运输和代谢、碳水化合物的运输和代谢等。 

Characterization and succession analysis of bacterial community diversity in different fermentation cycles of Hainan H382 cigar leaf

  Objective  The purpose of research is to reveal the diversity and succession of bacterial community and to predict the role of bacteria in the process of cigar leaves fermentation.  Methods  In this research, 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to reveal the community diversity and succession of H382 cigar leaves during fermentation. In addition, PICRUSt was used to predict bacterial community functions.  Results  During the fermentation of cigar leaves, the bacterial community diversity was abundant, including 299 OTUs in seven samples. There was a difference in number of OTU among the different samples, and the highest was 222 in YB_3(sample-3). (2) There was a succession of bacterial community during the fermentation of cigar leaves from the Staphylococcus (YB_2) to oceanobacterillus in YB_3, then to Pseudomonas in YB_4(sample-4), finally to Staphylococcus (YB_5, TB_6, YB_7). (3) The function types of the of PICRUSt results show a little difference in different fermentation periods, but the difference of functional abundance among different samples was significant.  Conclusion  In the fermentation process of H382 cigar leaves, the bacterial community was rich in diversity, and the dominant bacterial community was successional under the experimental conditions. The primary bacterial community succession was from Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Pantoea to Oceanobacillus Paracoccus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus, followed by Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and finally to Staphylococcus, Terribacillus. The functional prediction included amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism. This study is expected to provide reference for the screening of functional bacteria in the microbial fermentation of cigar leaves, and provide theoretical basis for revealing the microbial fermentation mechanism of cigar leaves.