基于烤烟生产的湘西植烟土壤质量综合评价

以湘西植烟土壤为研究对象，通过烤烟生产调查和土壤性状分析，采用相关分析和主成分分析构建土壤质量评价的最小数据集，进而系统性评价植烟土壤质量状况。结果表明:植烟土壤pH和砂粒等特性变异中等（18%），而一些微量元素和速效养分含量变异较强（63%~134%）；土壤pH值、有机质、砂粒含量、全氮、全钾和有效硫适宜，碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量偏高，而土壤全磷和一些微量元素（钼、硼）缺乏。筛选出用于评价植烟土壤质量的最小数据集，包含了土壤有机质、砂粒、速效钾、有效磷、全钾和有效钼；根据综合质量指标大小将植烟土壤质量分为优、良、中、较差和差5个等级，属于良等级以上土壤植烟区所占比例为37.4%，中等级别土壤占比43.8%，较差等级以下土壤占比18.8%。 

Comprehensive assessment of soil quality in Xiangxi tobacco growing areas based on tobacco production

Soil physicochemical properties in tobacco growing region of Xiangxi were investigated. Minimum data set (MDS) of soil quality assessment was built based on correlation analysis and principal component analysis respectively, and distribution characteristics of soil quality were comprehensively evaluated. Results showed that soil pH and sand had weaker variation (18%), and certain microelements and available nutrient had strong variation (63%~134%). The investigated tobacco-planting soils had proper situation of pH, total N, total P, soil organic matter, sand and available S, but some available nutrients were higher and total P and certain microelements (available B, available Mo) were deficient. Soil indicators retained in MDS contained soil organic matter, sand, available K, available P and total K and available Mo. Overall, the quality of the tobacco-planting soils was good, in which 37.4% of soil samples was over grade Ⅱ, and 43.8% for grade Ⅲ and 18.8% for grade IV and V