中国烟叶矿质营养及主要化学成分含量特征研究

利用2002年抽样调查的220个烤烟样品,对我国烤烟中的氮、钾、磷、钙、镁、锰、铜、锌、硼、钠、铁、氯、烟碱、还原糖等14个指标的含量特征进行了分析.结果表明:1)除钙、钠、锌、硼、还原糖、烟碱外,其余指标在品种之间的差异极显著,但不同指标在品种之间的高低顺序不同.在样本数较多的K326、云烟85、云烟87、NC82、NC89中,K326的钾含量为1.79%,显著地高于云烟85、NC82、NC89,NC82、云烟87的氯含量分别为0.39%、0.32%,显著地高于K326、云烟85、NC89中的氯含量;2)氮、硼、烟碱含量从上部烟叶到下部烟叶显著地依次降低,而钾、铁、还原糖则从上部烟叶到下部烟叶显著地依次升高;3)烟碱含量地域之间的差异不明显,而其余指标在地域之间的差异极显著,但不同指标在品种之间的高低顺序不同.河南烟叶的钾含量显著地低于其他省份,贵州烟叶的氯离子含量显著地高于其他地方,湖南烟叶的还原糖含量显著地低于其他所有地方;4)我国烟叶氮、磷、钾、钙、镁、锰、氯、铜、锌、硼、钠、铁、烟碱、还原糖含量落在巴西烟叶范围之内的理论概率分别为0.525、0.598、0.485、0.338、0.462、0.839、0.449、0.384、0.275、0.586、0.621、0.586、0.739、0.684;还原糖、烟碱、钾、氯含量符合"国际型优质烟叶"质量标准的概率只有0.389、0.660、0,531、0.309.

The distribution characteristics of nutrition elements and main chemical composition in China's tobacco leaves

The content characteristics of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Na, Fe, Cl, Nicotine and Reducing Sugar in tobacco leaves are studied. Result show: 1)Except Ca, Na, Zn, B, Nicotine and Reducing Sugar, all other element or composition differ significantly among varieties, the average K content in K326 is 1.79%, which is significantly higher than that in Yunyan85, Yunyan87, NC82 and NC89. The average Cl content in NC82 and Yunyan87 is significantly higher than that in Yunyan85, NC82 and K326; 2)The N, B and Nicotine content in tobacco leaves drop significantly in the order of top leaves, middle leaves and bottom leaves, while K, Fe and Reducing Sugar increase significantly in the same order; 3) Except nicotine, all other element or composition differ significantly between sample sites, the average K content in tobacco leaves from Henan province is significantly lower than that from other provinces. The average Cl content in tobacco leaves from Guizhou province is significantly higher than those from other provinces, while Hunan is the place where the Reducing Sugar content is significantly lower than other place; 4) For N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, B, Na, Fe, Cl, Nicotine and Reducing Sugar in Chinese tobacco leaves, the probability conforming to Brazil tobacco leaves is respectively 0.525, 0.598, 0.485, 0.338, 0.462, 0.839, 0.449, 0.384, 0.275, 0.586, 0.621, 0.586, 0.739, 0.684; For Reducing Sugar, Nicotine, K and Cl, the probability of conforming high quality tobacco leaves is respectively 0.389, 0.660, 0.531 and 0.309.