鲟鱼肝酶解条件优化及酶解液对双歧杆菌增殖效果的研究

为提高鲟鱼肝脏的加工附加值，使用碱性蛋白酶，以水解度为评价指标，在单因素试验的基础上，通过Plackett-Burman试验、响应面分析法优化鲟鱼肝蛋白酶解条件。在此条件下，进一步探究了酶解液对双歧杆菌的促生长效果。结果表明，最优酶解条件为碱性蛋白酶添加量10 540 U/g鱼肝蛋白、体系初始pH值10.0、酶解时间8.6 h、酶解温度45 ℃、料液比1∶10（g∶mL），此条件下水解度（81.7%）是优化前（40.4%）的1.02倍。鲟鱼肝蛋白酶解液对青春双歧杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌、动物双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、短双歧杆菌和婴儿双歧杆菌6种均具有显著的促生长效果。研究结果为鲟鱼加工副产物利用提供了新途径，同时也为双歧杆菌促生长因子的研发提供新思路。

Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of sturgeon liver protein and effect of the hydrolysate on Bifidobacterium proliferation

In order to improve the processing adding value of sturgeon liver, using hydrolysis degree as evaluation index, on the basis of single factor tests, the enzymatic hydrolysis conditions of sturgeon liver protein with alkaline protease were optimized by Plackett-Burman tests and response surface methodology. On this basis, the effect of the enzymatic hydrolysate on the growth promotion of Bifidobacterium was further explored. The results showed that the optimal enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were alkaline protease addition 10 540 U/g sturgeon liver protein, initial pH 10.0, enzymatic hydrolysis time 8.6 h, temperature 45 ℃, and material-liquid ratio 1∶10 (g∶ml). Under the optimal conditions, the hydrolysis degree reached 81.7%, which was 1.02 times higher than that of before optimization (40.4%). The sturgeon liver enzymatic hydrolysate had significant growth promotion effects on Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium animalis, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve and Bifidobacterium infantis, respectively. The research results provided a new way for the utilization of by-products of sturgeon processing, and also provided new ideas for the development of Bifidobacterium growth promotion factor.