红曲霉分离纯化、分类和鉴定研究进展

红曲霉是一类小型丝状腐生真菌，其代谢产物在食品、药品领域应用广泛。为更好地挖掘红曲霉种质资源，需要大量获得红曲霉菌株并对其进行分类和鉴定。该文介绍了可培养的红曲霉分离纯化方法，并分析其优缺点和应用示例；列举了目前红曲霉的分类概况，从形态分类、美国国家生物技术信息中心（NCBI）物种分类和国际公开报道提及之分类这三个方面来对比分析其认可度；简述了形态学鉴定、同工酶分析、脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）标记技术三种常见的红曲霉鉴定方法；提出了潜在的分离纯化和分类鉴定方法。旨在为高效获得红曲霉、明确菌种信息等工作提供参考。

Advances in isolation,purification, classification and identification of Monascus

Monascus is a kind of small filamentous saprophytic fungi,and its metabolites have been widely used in the fields of food and medicine.In order to better excavate the germplasm resources of Monascus,it is necessary to obtain,classify and identify Monascus strains in large quantities.In this paper,the separation and purification of Monascus strains based on culture-method were introduced,and their advantages,disadvantages and application examples were also analyzed.Besides,the current classification methods for Monascus strains were listed and compared from morphological classification,NCBI classification and classification mentioned in the international public report.Three common identification methods for Monascus strains,including morphological identification,isozyme analysis and DNA labeling were briefly introduced,and some potential methods of separation,purification and classification were also proposed.The aim was to provide a reference for the work of efficiently obtaining and clarifying the Monascus strains.