防寒服用智能材料的研究进展

近年来,对外界刺激具有感知或反应能力的智能材料逐渐进入人们的视野,本文对可用于提高防寒服保暖隔热性能的智能材料进行了分类概述。首先根据提高防寒服保暖隔热性能的作用方式将防寒服用智能材料分为蓄热材料、电加热材料、形状记忆材料三大类,并从隔热保暖、防水透湿、人体安全舒适等角度分析各类智能材料在防寒服中应用的可行性与不足,之后对防寒服的智能化发展存在的问题做了总结,指出在未来的研究中应解决防寒服用智能材料的使用安全性、效能持久性等问题,为智能材料和智能防寒服的研究提供参考。

Research Progress of Smart Materials for Cold Weather Clothing

In recent years,smart materials with the ability to sense or react to external stimuli gradually emerged.This study intends to summarize the classification of smart materials for enhancing heat preservation and insulation of cold weather clothing.Firstly,smart materials are classified into three types by the action mode of heat preservation and insulation,namely thermal storage material,electric heating material,and shape memory material.The feasibility and shortcomings of the application of various types of smart material in cold weather clothing are analyzed from the perspectives of thermal insulation,waterproof and moisture permeability and safety and comfort of human.It is pointed out that the problems of smart materials for cold weather clothing that should be resolved in future research include use safety and performance persistence,so as to provide reference for the research of smart materials and smart cold weather clothing.