冷、热榨文冠果油品质比较分析

对以河南济源产文冠果为原料生产的冷榨油和热榨油的理化指标、微量元素含量及脂肪酸组成进行对比分析。结果表明:文冠果种子为棕色扁球状,容重0. 936 kg/L,百粒重为119. 7 g;文冠果种仁中水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量分别为8. 61%、17. 4%、43. 7%,总糖未检出;热榨文冠果油的过氧化值、皂化值和灰分比冷榨文冠果油的高,而酸价比冷榨文冠果油的低;冷榨文冠果油的铜、锌、锰和铬含量比热榨文冠果油的高,而铁含量比热榨文冠果油的低;热榨和冷榨文冠果油的脂肪酸组成差别不大,主要由10种脂肪酸组成,不饱和脂肪酸含量超过90%,其中亚油酸、油酸含量较高。

Quality comparison of cold pressed and hot pressed Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed oils

Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed from Jiyuan in Henan was separately pressed by cold pressing method and hot pressing method to obtain oil, and the physicochemical indexes, trace element contents and fatty acid compositions of cold pressed Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed oil and hot pressed Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed oil were comparatively analyzed.The results showed that the Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed was brown and depressed-globose, and its volume weight and hundred seed weight were 0.936 kg/L and 119.7 g, respectively.The contents of moisture, crude protein and crude fat in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed kernel were 8.61%, 17.4% and 43.7%, respectively. There was almost no sugar detected in the seed kernel.The peroxide value, saponification value and ash content of hot pressed oil were higher than those of cold pressed oil. While the acid value of hot pressed oil was lower than that of cold pressed oil. The contents of copper, zinc, manganese and chromium in cold pressed oil were higher than those of hot pressed oil. However, the content of iron in cold pressed oil was lower than that of hot pressed oil. There was almost no difference in the content and composition of fatty acid between hot pressed oil and cold pressed oil. Ten kinds of fatty acids were detected in Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge. seed oil. The content of unsaturated fatty acids was more than 90%, in which the contents of linoleic acid and oleic acid were higher.