市售草莓腐败菌的分离鉴定及拮抗酵母的筛选

为了分离纯化并鉴定市售草莓主要的腐败污染菌,分析筛选拮抗能力良好且具有较大生物防治潜能的酵母。通过菌落形态和显微形态初筛出主要腐败菌,并采用28S rDNA序列分析鉴定到属。针对典型腐败菌做对峙实验,筛选出有明显拮抗作用的酵母,26S rDNA序列分析鉴定到属种。酵母和腐败菌同时反接在有伤冬枣上,验证酵母拮抗能力,分析酵母作为生防菌的应用效果。本研究显示草莓携带的致腐败的微生物主要是空气中常见的5种霉菌为枝孢霉属(Cladosporium spp.)、灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)、链格孢属(Alternaria sp.)、毛霉(Mucor sp.)和白地霉(Geotrichum candidum)。从191株酵母中筛选出对腐败菌有拮抗作用的菌株23株,属于17种酵母,在体内体外实验中均表现出良好拮抗效果的酵母为美极梅奇酵母(Metschnikowia pulcherrima)S4-1。

Isolation and Identification of Spoilage Organism in Strawberry and Screening of Antagonistic Yeast

To isolate,purify and identify the main spoilage organisms in the stawberry and screen the yeast with good antagonistic ability to bacteria and large biological control potential.The main spoilage organisms were screened by colony morphology and microscopic morphology,and the genus was identified by 28S rDNA sequence analysis.The yeast with obvious antagonism were selected,and which were identified by the 26S rDNA sequence similarity analysis.The wounded winter jujubes were inoculated with selected yeast and the spoilage organism at the same time.In this way to verify the yeast antagonistic ability and analyze the application effect of yeast as a biocontrol bacteria.This study showed that the main spoilage organisms carried by strawberries were 5 kinds of common molds in the air which were Cladosporium sp.Botrytis cinereal Alternaria sp.,Mucor sp.,and Geotrichum candidum.Twenty-three strains of antagonistic strains against spoilage organisms were screened from 191 strains of yeast,belonging to 17 genera.Metschnikowia pulcherrima S4-1 showed good antagonistic effects in experiments.