复方北冬虫夏草提取工艺及其对链尿佐菌素诱导1型糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用研究

目的:优化复方北冬虫夏草的提取工艺,并对其降血糖作用进行研究。方法:采用水煎煮法提取复方北冬虫夏草,通过单因素实验和正交试验优化提取工艺;以链尿佐菌素诱导Wistar雄性大鼠为1型糖尿病模型,成模后随机分为模型组,复方北冬虫夏草低、中、高剂量组,另取10只正常大鼠作为空白对照组,给药12周后分别称定各组大鼠体重,检测血清胰岛素、血糖,肝脏丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶及肾脏甘油三酯、总胆固醇水平,通过HE染色观察肾脏组织形态变化。结果:复方北冬虫夏草最佳提取工艺为:料液比1:10 g/mL,提取3次、每次提取1.5 h、提取温度为70℃,经三次平行试验验证平均提取率为53.1%,平均多糖得率为5.1%,平均总皂苷得率为1.3%;与模型组比较,复方北冬虫夏草各给药组均可改善糖尿病大鼠的相关指标,其中高剂量组大鼠体重、胰岛素水平和GSH-Px活力显著增加(P<0.05),SOD活力极显著提高(P<0.01),而血糖值、肝脏MDA及肾脏TG、TC水平则极显著降低(P<0.01);各给药组大鼠的肾损伤程度均得到明显改善。结论:优化了复方北冬虫夏草的提取工艺,最佳提取工艺条件下所得提取物对链尿佐菌素诱导的1型糖尿病大鼠具有显著的降糖功效。

Extraction Technology of Compound Cordyceps militaris and Its Hypoglycemic Effect in Rats with Streptozotocin-induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:To optimize the extraction technology of compound Cordyceps militaris(C. militaris)and study its hypoglycemic effect in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus. Method:Compound C. militaris was extracted by water decoction,and the extraction technology was optimized by single factor test and orthogonal test. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,and low-,medium- and high-dose compound C. Militaris group. The rats except those in the blank group were given streptozotocin for the establishment of type 1 diabetes mellitus. After the administration for 12 weeks,the body weight of rats in each group was measured,then the serum insulin,blood glucose,liver malondialdehyde,superoxide dismutase,glutathione peroxidase,triglyceride and total cholesterol were detected,and the morphological changes of kidney were examined by HE staining. Result:The optimal extraction technology of compound C. militaris was as follows:The ratio of material to liquid was 1:10 g/mL,compound C. militaris was extracted 3 times,1.5 h each time,and the extraction temperature was 70℃,The average extraction rate was 53.1%,the average polysaccharide yield was 5.1%,and the average total saponin yield was 1.3%. Compared with those in the model group,the related indexes of diabetic rats in compound C. militaris-treated groups were improved,in which the body weight,insulin level and GSH-Px activity of rats increased significantly(P<0.05),the SOD activity increased significantly(P<0.01),while the blood glucose value,the MDA level in the liver,and the TG and TC levels in the kidney increased significantly(P<0.01)in the high-dose compound C. militaris group. The renal injury degree of rats was significantly improved in each compound C. militaris-treated group. Conclusion:The extraction technology of compound C. militaris was optimized,and the extract by the optimal technology had a significant hypoglycemic effect in rats with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus.