H2O2雾化熏蒸处理对小白杏贮藏品质及生理特性的影响

为了筛选适宜的过氧化氢（H₂O₂）熏蒸浓度，为生产过程中小白杏的保鲜提供理论和科学依据。以库车鲜食小白杏为试材，分别采用体积分数为1%、3%、5%、7%的过氧化氢（H₂O₂）对小白杏进行5 min熏蒸处理，以蒸馏水处理作为对照（CK）组，于0 ℃保鲜库中贮藏，每隔7 d测定果实贮期品质及生理指标。结果表明:不同浓度的H₂O₂熏蒸处理均不同程度地保持了小白杏的贮藏品质，其中，3% H₂O₂熏蒸处理组较对照（CK）组和其他处理组，推迟了小白杏果实色泽转黄的时间，在贮藏第42 d时比CK组发病率降低8%，呼吸高峰推迟7 d，减缓了果实硬度的下降速度，降低了果实细胞膜的通透性，果实的可溶性固形物、可滴定酸含量在贮藏末期，较CK组分别提高了25%和38%。3% H₂O₂熏蒸处理组，较其他处理组和对照，丙二醛（MDA）含量和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性得到有效抑制，提高了果实过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的活性，其中5%、7% H₂O₂熏蒸处理使个别果实表面发生了褐变，影响了小白杏的品质。3% H₂O₂雾化熏蒸处理组更有助于保持小白杏贮藏期间的品质和风味，在小白杏防腐保鲜上具有较好的应用前景。

Effects of H2O2 Atomizing Fumigation on Storage Quality and Physiological Characteristics of Small White Apricot

In order to screen the appropriate concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) fumigation, and provide the theoretical and scientific basis for the preservation of small white apricot during production, Kuqa fresh apricot was used as the test material, and the apricot was fumigated with 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for 5 min, and distilled water was used as the control (CK). The apricot was stored at 0 ℃. The storage period quality and physiological indexes were measured every 7 days. The results showed that the storage quality of small white apricot was maintained by different concentrations of H₂O₂ fumigation. Compared with control (CK) and other treatments, the 3% H₂O₂ fumigation group delayed the browning of small white apricot fruit, and the incidence was reduced by 8% compared with CK group on the 42 day of storage. The respiratory peak was delayed for 7 days, which inhibited the decline rate of fruit hardness and reduced the permeability of fruit cell membrane. The contents of soluble solids and titratable acids in fruits were 25% and 38% higher than those in CK group at the end of storage. 3% H₂O₂ fumigation treatment group, compared with other treatment groups and control group,the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were effectively inhibited, and the activity of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were increased. The surface of some fruits was browning after 5% and 7% H₂O₂ fumigation, which affected the quality of small white apricot. 3% H₂O₂ atomized fumigation group is more helpful to maintain the quality and flavor of small white apricot during storage, which has a good application prospect in preservative preservation of small white apricot.