金银花的功能性成分及其生物活性研究进展

金银花是忍冬科植物忍冬的干燥花蕾或初开的花，具有清热解毒、疏风散热的作用，功能性成分主要包括挥发油类、有机酸类、黄酮类、环烯醚萜苷类、三萜皂苷类等成分，具有抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒、抗氧化、免疫调节、降血脂、降血糖、保肝利胆等多种功效，具有较高的食用价值与药用价值，在食品行业和医药行业应用广泛。但目前研究者们对金银花中功能性成分在临床应用中的作用机制的研究尚未深入，其所具有的生物活性也需要更进一步的探究。本文通过查阅近几年金银花的化学成分及其生物活性方面的相关文献，主要综述了金银花的功能性成分、生物活性及功能性成分的变化规律，以期为更多人了解金银花的最新研究进展提供参考，为金银花资源的合理利用提供理论依据。

Research Progress in Functional Components and Bioactivity of Honeysuckle

Honeysuckle is the dry flower bud or the first bloom of the honeysuckle family Lonicerae, and has the functions of clearing away heat and detoxifying, and evacuating wind and heat. Its functional ingredients mainly include volatile oils, organic acids, flavonoids, iridoid glycosides and triterpene saponins. And it has many functions such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, immune regulation, lowering blood fat, lowering blood sugar, protecting liver and choleretics. As well as it has high edible and medicinal value and is widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. However, at present, researchers have not done in-depth research on the mechanism of action of the functional ingredients in honeysuckle in clinical applications, and its biological activity needs further investigation. In this paper, by reviewing the relevant literature on the chemical components and biological activities of honeysuckle in recent years, this article mainly summarized the functional components, biological activities and changes of functional components of honeysuckle, hoping to provide a reference for more people to understand the latest research progress and provide a theoretical basis for the rational use of honeysuckle resources.